"... obstinate ignorance is usually a manifestation of underlying political motives.” — Michal Kalecki, 1943.
On recent critiques of rising inequalities
@IndianExpress
"Who is afraid of redistribution?"
"Political discourse in India normally takes place within cer tain boundaries set by the privileged and powerful. If you over-step these boundaries, expect some trouble." - Jean Drèze in
@epw_in
.
India's top 1% shares are at historial highs, surpassing even the levels under the British Raj. 👇
The top 0.001% (fewer than 10K persons) own *three times* as much wealth as the entire bottom 50% (over 46 crore persons).
Time to
#TaxTheTop
and
#EndTheBillionaireRaj
!
Pretty damning graph for the 'Modi hai toh mumkin' narrative by
@Roshanjnu
in
@htTweets
.
Bottom line: Narendra Modi's victory margin in Varanasi in 2024 is among the lowest ever by a sitting PM.
India right at the bottom of the pile on Covid-19 tests being conducted - only 3 per million people.
Our govt. has mastered the art of suppressing inconvenient data.
Prof
@Jayati1609
on why taxing the ultra-wealthy (via wealth & inheritance taxes) makes perfect sense, and is gaining momentum even globally, including at the G20.
Alas - "The real obstacle to such a policy comes from the lobbying power of the super-rich."
TISS dismisses 55 faculty members, 60 non-teaching staff at four campuses, says no funds from Tata Education Trust via
@IndianExpress
The fall of yet another institute of excellence. 1 guess about who will now be the new faculty
Stephen's is so insulated from politics, students are not even part of DU Students Union. DUSU elections are looked down upon as "the dirty games".
And yet today, classes were boycotted, Preamble was read, mess lawns reverberated with
#Azaadi
and fist in the air.
#StandWithJNU
Nandan: Aadhaar is best. Only tech can save us.
Also Nandan: Can we do the interview via call cuz we can't figure out ... how to log into a Zoom invite.
Does the electoral bond data make you concerned about India's possible slide towards plutocracy? Well, we have more bad news for you.
New
@WIL_inequality
WP with
@Nitin_K_Bharti
,
@lucas_chancel
&
@PikettyWIL
presents long-run income & wealth estimates for India:
The country owes a handsome debt to CMIE & it's Consumer Pyramids Households Survey (CPHS) for stepping into a near statistical vacuum.
But is it true that CPHS is "an all India representative sample of over 170,000 households" as CMIE claims?
Jean & I take a stab.
1/4 Missing the poor, big time: CMIE’s (
@_cmie
) Consumer Pyramids Household Survey (CPHS)
@_cphs
, the new barometer of India’s economy, turns out to be heavily biased towards better-off households - Jean Drèze and
@anmol_smnch
.
#EconTwitter
#CMIE
The last full Union budget before the next general elections in 2024, which was presented on February 1, gets “a big zero” in terms of welfare spending from economist and social activist Jean Dreze.
Read more:
Interview via
@IndiaSpend
The much needed collection of critical voices on
#Aadhaar
is almost here!
"Dissent on Aadhaar: Big Data Meets Big Brother" edited by Reetika Khera forthcoming in Jan 2019.
15 essays with experts across econ, tech, law, journalism, policy, and finance.
A teaching award, that too by
@EEANews
, was not something I had imagined in my wildest dreams!
Super grateful to the committee, PSE management, and especially my students who made teaching econometrics a truly enriching experience.
Many congrats also to
@DaltonPato
&
@JSantoul
!
The economics of caste in two figures: Caste-wise shares of billionaire wealth vs. Caste break-up of manual scavengers in Maharashtra.
दो आंकड़ों में जाति का अर्थशास्त्र: अरबपतियों की संपत्ति का जाति-वार हिस्सा vs. महाराष्ट्र में मैनुअल स्कैवेंजर्स का जाति-वार प्रतिनिधित्व।
In an Orwellian world, "war is peace", "freedom is slavery", so under the NDA's, "guarantee is precarity" and "welfare is self-care" - Reetika Khera & Md. Asjad on the state of welfare in New India.
"The NDA government has managed to build a reputation as a big welfare spender by renaming pre-existing programmes while underfunding them without any compensatory social assistance of its own."
Merci beaucoup Thomas!
Very excited to be formally joining
@WIL_inequality
as the Global Justice Coordinator, working on a super ambitious project with a truly global, long-term and futuristic focus. Stay tuned for exciting updates!
Congrats
@anmol_smnch
, PhD student at
@PSEinfo
& Global Justice Coordinator at
@WIL_inequality
, for this well-deserved EEA Award for Exceptional Teaching in Early Career Category
India's vulgar inequalities are hard to ignore.
~ 80% of policy economists polled by
@Reuters
feel India's growth has NOT been inclusive in last decade & remain sceptical of the future.
As Reetika Khera notes - "Acknowledging that it is a problem will be a good first step..."
India’s economic growth has been either ‘not inclusive at all’ or ‘not inclusive’, a majority of policy economists in a Reuters Poll said.
These economists see job creation as the biggest challenge for India.
Two insightful pieces from the Reuters polling team this morning.
Did you know that in the middle of the pandemic, as millions went hungry, the Government of India *exported* ~ 20 million tonnes of grains in 2020-21?
Right to Food Campaign (
@rozi_roti
) puts things in perspective & demands immediate universalisation of PDS for 6 months.
Advertisement expenditure from Govt of India to Sudarshan News rose significantly after the BJP came to power.
@supritidavid
and I write for
@newslaundry
based on research conducted with Reetika Khera.
Where is Sudarshan News getting the money to fund its “campaigns”, which is how it refers to its reportage?
Short answer: Some of the money comes from you.
@anmol_smnch
&
@supritidavid
report.
MD-CEO of Godrej Consumer Products, Sudhir Sitapati, says India's economic growth masks serious income inequalities.
To any careful observer, the evidence is hard to ignore.
1/4 Do check out
@AnoushkaSawhney
's sharp story for
@bsindia
on what the data says about India's elite club based on our
@WIL_inequality
report which tracks caste-wise shares of total billionaire wealth.
No surprises, India's elite club is an upper-caste club.
This is not a protest. This is about love, hope, equality, dignity, non-violence, unity.
In Ahmedabad; 7.30pm footpath opposite PRL; 4h Jan (today). Do come!
A super tax of 2% on the net wealth of the wealthiest 162 families in 2022-23 would yield revenues to the tune of 0.5% (!) of national income.
Besides fighting inequality, such a tax would provide valuable fiscal space for govt to spend on health, education, & nutrition.
One of the authors of the recent
#inequality
report "The Rise of the Billionaire Raj" Anmol Somanchi speaks on their findings and the way to counter this staggering inequality. All that we need to do, he says, is to tax 162 Indians with enormous wealth.
#taxtherich
@anmol_smnch
Wage payments under NREGA are already fraught with inordinate delays, with little to no accountability.
To make matters worse, NREGA workers will now get rice as part payment, so as to manage grain surpluses?
High time the GoI accords NREGA workers the dignity they deserve.
Dumping excess rice on NREGA workers as partial wage payment is a bad idea, as are all complications of this sort. Just pay them on time, bas!
@MoRD_GoI
As a follow-up to the recent launch of the film “Janam aur Jeevan” (available on Youtube), we are happy to share this paper, also based on the Jaccha-Baccha Survey (JABS), 2019.
Thread with highlights: 1/5
#Pregnancy
#MaternityBenefits
#EconTwitter
While the deadlines to link
#Aadhaar
with bank accounts and mobiles has been extended indefinitely, Aadhaar continues to remain mandatory where it has caused maximum damage - welfare schemes.
To estimate poverty in India from a biased sample, a recent World Bank study uses max-entropy re-weighting to correct observable biases. How well does this work?
Based on simulations, Jean Drèze & I raise highlight serious concerns for poverty estimation.
#EconTwitter
1/5 Impressed with recent “evidence” of rapid poverty decline in India? Think again!
New paper in
@Ideas4India
by Drèze &
@anmol_smnch
demystifies best study so far: a World Bank study based on “correcting” the biased CPHS dataset by adjusting weights.
(1/n) Read our ET articles arguing that
@_CMIE
's Consumer Pyramids Household Survey (
@_cphs
) is unlikely to be representative, but remain unconvinced?
New working paper details & expands our case by bench-marking CPHS on key indicators.
#EconTwitter
The country owes a handsome debt to CMIE & it's Consumer Pyramids Households Survey (CPHS) for stepping into a near statistical vacuum.
But is it true that CPHS is "an all India representative sample of over 170,000 households" as CMIE claims?
Jean & I take a stab.
So, the impending elections were the reason for delayed data-release preceded by a "fact sheet"?
India urgently needs democratic access to reliable and timely statistical data that is free from political interference.
The opposition must slam down hard on this.
"The total wealth of the top 0.001% (less than 10,000 persons) is nearly 3 times the total wealth held by the entire bottom 50% (46 crore individuals). Please pause to let that sink in."
@Nitin_K_Bharti
,
@lucas_chancel
,
@PikettyWIL
, and
@anmol_smnch
write
(1/2) I'm wondering how
#EconTwitter
feels about this: an RCT in Malawi led to *decrease* in school enrolment for lower-performing children & increase for higher-performing children.
Author states that parents choose edu inputs aligned to child's acad level as a result of RCT.
Perfect exhibit of how the wealthy can tightly control the amount of income reported on their tax returns.
Perfect reason why we need a wealth tax on the ultra-wealthy.
The national lockdown in India in 2020, one of the harshest in the world, led to:
- Significant income loss
- Widespread food insecurity
- Accumulation of debt & distress sale of assets.
New paper with Jean Drèze summarises available evidence from multiple household surveys.
1/5 The full scale of the humanitarian crisis that hit India in 2020 is yet to sink in, and we are all set for a repeat in 2021 – new paper by Jean Drèze and
@anmol_smnch
.
Also coming soon on the C-HELP website with a wealth of related papers.
"Despite India's trajectory to become the third largest consumer market by 2026, the divergence between b/w affluent & broad-based demand persists, accentuated by income inequality...."
Says who?
Not Thomas Piketty, but economist at
@UBS
India!
"Shamika Ravi, senior fellow at the Brookings Institute, says ... "we now need to address the falling consumption of the middle class. The middle class needs to be included in the PDS”.
👀 👀
Did the sun rise from the west today?
#UniversalPDS
With all due respect, this response by authors of the water RCT in Nairobi far from vilifies them. While disagreement is good generally, surprising that many
#EconTwitter
folks find this "reasonable".
Short thread.
In the midst of already gloomy times, totally heart-broken to learn about the demise of Dr. Gaurang Sahay, Sociology Professor at TISS, Mumbai.
His detailed lectures and notes laying out the ideas of influential sociological thinkers continue to immensely benefit me till date.
At St Stephen's today. Students boycott classes (very, very rare) to read the Preamble to the Constitution and to support and say
#WeStandWithJNU
. And
#NoCAANoNRC
From violating informed consent, to breaking minimum wage laws, to encouraging bribes - these are just some of the ethical issues with recent RCTs in India. These and many more uncomfortable questions raised in this paper by Reetika Khera.
#EconTwitter
#Ethics
#DevEcon
My paper on the costs of extreme competition for government jobs in India is now forthcoming at the Journal of Development Economics!
Open access link:
As a proud TISS alumni, this "public notice" is a total disgrace.
The stiffling of dissent at TISS has, unfortunately, been on the rise for some years now.
Full solidarity with Ramdas!
Good that the opposition, in the run up to the budget, is keeping the pressure up on the issue of inequality.
The budget provides a useful opportunity to systematically address the issue.
आज देश में आर्थिक असमानता की दर ब्रिटिश राज से भी बदतर है।
इस देश की 1% आबादी का देश की 40% संपत्ति पर नियंत्रण है।
जिसके कारण अमीर और अमीर हो रहा है... गरीब और गरीब हो रहा।
क्या यह बजट इस खाई को भरने के लिए कुछ करेगा?
:
@SupriyaShrinate
जी
Good to see govt. statisticians & economists scrutinizing public & private data.
However, important to not loose sight of the fact that the increasing reliance on private data sources (like CMIE-CPHS) stems from the decimation of the public statistical system in recent years.
Ex Chief Statistician, GOI highlights differences b/w CMIE & NSS data . Outcome of the differences?: As rigorous research in CLEARLY shows, CMIE SURVEY data (unlike their data on corporate financials) is UNRELIABLE & must improve
“When the economy grows faster, then a pie growing bigger quickly also leads to increasing inequality ... We thought that the free market would take care of it but it has not.” -
@Nitin_K_Bharti
@yashjournals
reports on our
@WIL_inequality
study.
My friend and classmate
@VipulVivekDas_
needs an oxygen bed urgently in
#DelhiSOS
. He's diabetic and his oxygen levels are 75 and dipping. Any leads would be appreciated. TIA!
Obscene Inequality in NIFTY fifty companies.
- Top to median pay ratio as high as 752:1 at
@HeroMotoCorp
. Lowest at 39:1 at
@Maruti_Corp
.
- Reliance dodging 2015 SEBI rule requiring such disclosure.
- No SC, ST in list of top paid.
Compiled by Reetika Khera &
@meghnay3
.
Well, good news! Atleast for now.
Tata Education Trust has agreed to make funds available and so TISS has 'withdrawn with immediate effect' the termination letter. ✊✊
India is a land of extreme *multi-dimensional* inequality.
New paper in
@ScienceAdvances
documents large & unequal life expectancy declines during COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, with marginalized groups & women most affected.
See summary thread by the uber cool & smart
@aashishg_
Delhi folks! 'Dissent on
#Aadhaar
' edited by Reetika Khera will be launched in Delhi with a fab panel consisting of Justice AP Shah,
@sharmasupriya
,
@AnandTeltumbde
, and Jean Drèze.
19 Jan (Saturday), 6pm, IIC. See you there :)
@samzsays
: As a naturalised Indian, does the recent resurgence of nationalist sentiment leave you cold?
Drèze: By and large, yes. But I don’t try to masquerade as a desi Indian anyway. There are many kinds of Indians, and I am a Belgian-born Indian.
The literature on positive effects of
#NREGA
keeps giving!
New study in EDCC finds increased number of days worked in NREGA increases food security - driven by higher relative participation by women. Also raises the time spent in school by younger girls.
Cc:
@NREGA_Sangharsh
Economist: So, this new RCT finds that caste affects labor supply decisions - people refuse to take up tasks associated with other/lower castes than their own (even for 10x pay)!
Sociologist: Ummm..... that's kind of how the caste system works, no?
cc:
@antaratalksalot
The Right to Food Campaign's (
@rozi_roti
) response to
@WFP
India Director
@BishowParajuli
's recent interview in the
@bsindia
where he argued that a universal is not feasible in India.
As the second Covid wave ravages India, we need a universal
#PDS
now more than ever.
The BJP has now been forced to resort to a misleading SBI report (that uses *only* tax data, that too for only a few years) to claim that income inequality has declined in the last ten years.
Beware of, and do not fall prey to, such textbook "inequality denialism".
Jean Drèze and Amartya Sen in conversation with Saba Naqvi and Ravish Kumar at the launch of the Hindi edition of 'An Uncertain Glory' - भारत और उसके विरोधाभास
7th July (tomorrow), 6 PM at the Sahitya Academy Auditorium.
Super cool work by Goel, Meenakshi and
@zaeendesouza
highlighting issues with use of TWFE estimator by Banerjee et al. (2020) to study fund disbursal reforms in NREGA with staggered treatment timing. Authors conclude TWFE estimates are biased.
New CSE wp by
@Deepti_Econ
, JV Meenakshi,
@zaeendesouza
examines if nationwide rollout of e-fms (electronic funds management system) in MGNREGS reduced exp on wage payments. Contrary to Banerjee et al. (2020), they find no evidence that it did.
🧵
One reason why many are finding the Sen, Deaton, Besley convo fascinating is that economics today (sadly) seldom encourages exploring the history of economic thought or the philosophical implications of the discipline.
If the only way to secure a vaccination slot is to join some Telegram group or to deploy a Python scraper, god help us!
Equitable access to vaccines is need of the hour. Can be achieved through rapid free-of-cost walk-in vaccinations.
#Vaccinateindia
#Indianeedsvaccines
As we await the SC's judgement on the
#Aadhaar
case, a re-plug to the Aadhaar-enabled fraud database, as a reminder of the hollowness of GoI & UIDAI's claims.
Fraud cases (only in Eng media) up to 250 now. ~ 100% rise in 5 months since May.
1/6 We are grateful to Mahesh Vyas, CEO of
@_CMIE
for his response to our critique of
@_cphs
.
Our main point was that poor HHs seem to be grossly underrepresented in the survey. Vyas asserts that it is “nationally representative”. We are not convinced.
1/n We thank Jean Dreze and
@anmol_smnch
for critically examining
#CPHS
. We reassert that
#CPHS
is nationally representative while also committing to more dialogue.
Summary below. It's a long thread, so pls stay until the end!
#EconTwitter
#CMIE
#CPHS
Very important piece.
Unlike what most thought, All-India leakages from the Public Distribution System (PDS) are down to ~ 20% - a monumental achievement given how corruption-ridden the system was just 2 decades back.
Ofc 20% is still unacceptable & much still needs to be done.
If only highly technical economics papers were still written as clearly and elegantly as Frank Ramsey describing the theory of optimal savings in 1928.
Stata Tip: Need to create quantiles of a continuous variable in a *large* dataset?
Use `fastxtile' (by Micheal Stepner) in place of `xtile'.
Identical syntax & results but *significant* savings in computation time.
(Also, turns out Raj Chetty provided the impetus for it).
In light of recent news that the Census is further delayed, important article by Reetika Khera on coverage issues in the PDS.
"Poor people should not have to pay the price for states failure in conducting the 2021 census".
#EconTwitter
: At least two concepts central to modern economics appear to have emerged quite literally from the bottom of a cup (of coffee/tea): Brouwer's fixed point theorem and Fisher's conception of a null hypothesis.
Who knows, maybe there are more? cc:
@Undercoverhist
Hear hear: more than half (!!) of Indian households generally go to a public sector hospital when someone gets sick.
#RightToHealthCare
Also, a good illustration of the importance of good timely data.
#NFHS5
My piece in the
@thewire_in
examining ~ 100 publicly reported cases of
#Aadhaar
-enabled
#fraud
- More research needed, but seems that Aadhaar 'card' (paper-based), is quite easier to forge/fake.
- Also, many cases of Aadhaar enrolment based on fake documents also found.
Featuring long lists of
#Aadhaar
enabled fraud. More research is indeed required. But also, when will we know who is accountable, who is liable, for the casual insecurity of this massive system containing our personal data?
@UIDAI
answer us
History shall be kinder to you Dr Manmohan Singh ji if your offer of ‘constructive cooperation’ and valuable advice was followed by your
@INCIndia
leaders as well in such extraordinary times !
Here’s my reply to your letter to Hon’ble PM Sh
@narendramodi
ji 👍
@PMOIndia
Prof. S. Subramanian - who surely knows more than a thing or two about inequality - makes a spirited case for redistributive proposals given the extreme inequalities in the latest issue of the
@TheIndiaForum
. Do read!
Anand bhai, please stick to football commentary, what you were chosen for by ESPN in 2005. You did a nice job there.
'Does India still need Caste based reservation?' is a bit like asking 'Do we really need a referee on the football field?' - Ignorant and uninformed.
Does India still need Caste based reservation? Why not move to blanket 50% reservation for EWS… with eligibility for all those who file their returns and anyone less than 8L p.a income but with no compromise on merit. Have Provisions/safeguards in place to prevent Creamy layer.
More evidence on how, in the world's largest democracy, the wealthy are disproportionately privileged at the expense of the public.
#EndTheBillionaireRaj
Due to a public event at the Jio World Convention Centre in Bandra Kurla Complex on July 5th & from July 12th to 15th, 2024, the following traffic arrangements will be in place for the smooth flow of traffic.
#MTPTrafficUpdates
Actually
@HindolSengupta
, you aren't keeping up.
During Covid-19:
1. > 40% HH excluded from JDY transfers cuz no adult woman had JDY a/c
2. ~ 33% *eligible* women/HH denied receipts, per many surveys
3. > 60% HH excluded from *all govt transfers* (not just JDY) per CMIE data
An elderly woman had to drag her 100-year-old mother on a cot to the Bank , at Nuapada District of Odisha, as officials refused access to her Jan Dhan Yojana account without physical verification.The incident took place three days back but videos viral on Saturday
Poverty in India has quite likely risen in recent years. But can we really make that inference from PLFS data, which is not geared towards measuring consumption?
Comparisons of CES & PLFS for 2017-18 find that PLFS underestimates expenditure, esp at lower tail of distribution.
Hi
@HindolSengupta
. We have been studying JAM and related issues closely. The question is not so much 'is there adequate evidence' but instead are the powers that be willing to listen?
Short thread
On 5 Jan, folks at IIM Ahmedabad met on campus to condemn violence against protestors & suppression of dissent.
Police folks in plain clothes (3rd pic) came on campus & forced us to move into a classroom.
How scared is this govt?
@roadscholarz
@AbhishekShaw
(1/n)
Worth noting that govt capture of media not unique to India, seen in democracies world over.
Recent paper in Econometrica documents this by exploiting changes in ownership & other events and shows how capture leads to favourable media coverage of govt.
How can the government capture media in a democracy? Szeidl and Szucs show that the Hungarian government allocated advertising favors to connected media in exchange for favorable coverage, implying that targeted state advertising can limit press freedom
It's already been two years since Dr. Vineet Kohli passed away. A critical and sharp economist, a demanding yet highly supportive mentor, and a deeply thoughtful and compassionate human being. The void he has left behind will be hard to fill.
Remembering Dr. Vineet Kohli(1979-2018)
He was an Assistant Professor at the School of Development Studies,TISS
The most meaningful tribute would be to continue the collective struggle against all forms of oppression and exploitation-through critical research&progressive politics
Everytime I hear of people unable to find work, especially during this pandemic, I am reminded of Joan Robinson's line from Economic Philosophy (1962) - "The misery of being exploited by capitalists is nothing compared to the misery of not being exploited at all.".
1. Perhaps not exact, but Joan Robinson's 'Introduction to the Theory of Employment' (1969) is available on Lib Gen here:
2. Bonus, her masterful 'Economic Philosophy' (1962) is available here:
In a welcome move, GoI extends additional free foodgrains till March 2022.
One wonders, why can't we expand PDS coverage and entitlements on a more sustainable (long-term? basis rather than in an ad-hoc manner like this?
Rajendran, Sakina and I counter working paper by researchers at the DIRI (
@ISBedu
) which claimed that
#Aadhaar
increased demand & supply of
#NREGA
during droughts.
We argue that the results are based on incorrect assumptions & a flawed methodology.