Paul A. Kirschner
@P_A_Kirschner
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Educational realist, Diehard edu myth-buster, Emeritus Prof. Educational Psychology Open Universiteit, Guest Prof. Thomas More Uni (Belgium), owner kirschner-ED
Joined February 2011
Think about this! It's so true and I don't think it can be said more simply.
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. and then the miracle happens. Welcome Liselotte Mara Femke 🥰
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Here's a set of simple tips to overcome cognitive overload in your students from @Inner_Drive .
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Please tell me again how using cognitive psychology in teaching and learning isn’t learner centred and how it kills motivation and creativity.
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New working paper from @DTWillingham.Gist: A knowledge-rich curriculum leads to better reading scores, but most importantly (for me) is that while the effect size was large for kids in high-income schools it was gigantic for kids in low-income schools!.
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The most successful teachers spend more time in guided practice, more time asking questions, more time checking for understanding, and more time correcting errors.
Day 18 of #HowLearningHappensInFeb a chapter of 'How Learning Happens' each day in February. Today is chapter 18.'Direct instruction'. Join in with your own reflections using the hashtag above. @P_A_Kirschner & @C_Hendrick
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Letter from 30 learning scientists: No evidence to back idea of learning styles
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Yes, kids are learning less now, but maybe this adds just a little perspective to the moral panic being whipped up.
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Yesterday more than 1500 teachers and researchers, hungry for good teaching and learning converged in London to present and listen to +/-120 sessions. Here are my two presentations on How Learning Happens and Generative Learning Strategies
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Another one bites the dust! New research comprehensively examined the brain development of young boys and girls and shows no gender difference in brain function or math ability. Open access to original article. "Science doesn't align with folk beliefs" .
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A year in the making and it’s (our new book @C_Hendrick @HealJim & me, with illustrations by @olicav) now out of our hands and in the publisher’s. Coming this spring: How Teaching Happens: Seminal Works in Teaching and Teacher Effectiveness and What They Mean in Practice
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This summary of How Learning Happens - @C_Hendrick @HealJim - was made by @helenrey - If you want to download it as a PDF you can find it here:
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How guidance works! One step at a time so as not to overload….Yes, learning in a sport and learning in an academic subject and learning to play a music instrument et cetera all follow the SAME general rules. Learning is learning.
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Our open access book 'Developing Curriculum for Deep Thinking: The Knowledge Revival' from a star-studded group of authors @CratoNuno, @dylanwiliam, John Hattie, @timsurma, Elizabeth Rata and more with foreword by @EDHirschsays is now available!.
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Incredible resource on:.- knowledge-rich curriculum .- teaching driven by content .- forgetting as part of the learning process .- working memory limits .- practice makes permanent.Curriculum Links Part 1: Underlying Principles
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The newest addition to the family is grandson Artur John Paul Kirschner. A few weeks early but doing great as are the parents. So tiny, so lovely 🎉🥰
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I don't post such things often (or at all for that matter), but I'm making an exception today as I'm feeling very sentimental and so much in love today: for 47 official years we are one.
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Surprise! Our article "Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work" is open access -
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Explicit teaching drives student motivation, engagement, and achievement in NSW public schools.Yes, you read it correctly: Explicit instruction and success drive motivation and not the other way around!!.
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I find it strange that doctors, engineers, . don't experience being required to use/adhere to proven methods (either evidence-based or -informed) as violating their professional autonomy or undermining their professionalism but that teachers do.
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Want kids to think critically? First, make sure that they have fundamental content knowledge!.Why Content Knowledge is Crucial to Effective Critical Thinking.
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The last day of #HowLearningHappensInFeb a chapter of 'How Learning Happens' each day in February. Today is chapter 29.'The ten deadly sins in education'. Join in with your own reflections using the hashtag above. See you next leap year!. @P_A_Kirschner & @C_Hendrick
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If you think Vygotsky was a constructivist, you probably never read him (I did). Here's how important he found good instruction to be. Vygotsky's Doctrine of Scientific Concepts: Its Role for Contemporary Education in Vygotsky's Educational Theory in Cultural Context
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To set the record straight. Springer didn’t make the book open access out of the goodness of their heart. That’s not how publishers work. We paid them a hefty amount to make the book open access so that everyone could download it for free. That’s the way we work. @timsurma.
Our open access book 'Developing Curriculum for Deep Thinking: The Knowledge Revival' from a star-studded group of authors @CratoNuno, @dylanwiliam, John Hattie, @timsurma, Elizabeth Rata and more with foreword by @EDHirschsays is now available!.
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Taking notes doesn't come naturally so don't take it for granted in your students (of all ages). We need to teach them how to do it properly, (just like how to summarise, outline, highlight, etc.). That's called good instruction!
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For all researchers whose articles are rejected - oft for the strangest reasons and I can attest to this - keep going! Here's the rejection letter from Nature for the work that won this year's Nobel prize in Physiology/Medicine
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As of today, I'm Professor Emeritus at the @OU_Nederland. I'm not stopping my work on how to we can best achieve and ensure effective, efficient, & enjoyable teaching/learning; it's just that the uni's no longer paying me :-) You're not rid of me yet; not by a long shot!.
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People generally have a poor understanding of how they learn and remember. John Dunlosky discusses some evidence-based learning strategies that boost learning and memory incl. the effects of small vs. large classes, (poor) teacher training.
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In one simple paragraph @greg_ashman blows up all the BS about how math needs to be 'realistic' and 'immediately relevant' for learners in his blog
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Cognitive Load Theory: An Applied Reintroduction for Special and General Educators.A key reason why students with disabilities struggle in school is that professionals may not pay enough attention to students’ overwhelmed cognitive capacity.
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The Seductive Myth of Discovery Learning .The idea that children learn better if they discover something themselves is attractive for many different reasons despite the fact that empirical research tells a very different story.
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What comes first: #motivation or #learning? Research suggests that learning leads to motivation and not the other way around, says @EnserMark. So why do teachers spend so much time trying to motivate pupils?
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For anyone who is thinking of setting up a reading/discussion group for How Learning Happens, here's something that @C_Hendrick and I whipped up a little while ago .
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Punctuation (commas) are really important 😂 Teach it and use it wisely!
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How much more proof do we need to stop hands-on, #inquiry_based, #constructivist #education madness and get back to real effective #teaching via #direct_instruction?
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This summary of How Learning Happens - @C_Hendrick @HealJim - was made by @helenrey - If you want to download it as a PDF you can find it here:
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To mark the release of our new book, @C_Hendrick, @HealJim, and I am giving away three pairs of both books. Retweet to be included in the draw.
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Oops! There goes the #mindset hype - Two large metastudies show 'growth mindset' educational interventions not effective: overall correlation between growth mindset and academic #achievement is weak at best
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Nine questions to improve metacognition (actually to help you learn better) from @Inner_Drive .
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From Cognitive Load Theory to Collaborative Cognitive Load Theory - An expansion of CLT for designing and implementing collaborative learning is available open access -
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Interesting blog on how classroom displays can distract. Children were more distracted by the visual environment, spent more time off task, and demonstrated smaller learning gains when the walls were highly decorated than when the decorations were removed.
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For all other language nerds who appreciate the Oxford comma (and for people who don't, this is why you should!)
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Whoever thinks that direct instruction is monotonous, dull, and/or child-unfriendly either doesn't understand or doesn't know what direct instruction is! Thanks, @teacherhead for your Rainforest.
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We should stop using the term 'social distancing'. The 1 thing we don't need to do is to socially distance ourselves from each other. What we need is physical distancing. We can and need to be very close to others even though we must physically distance ourselves from them.
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Didn't fit into a tweet, so here my FB post from yesterday evening.
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Achieving excellence isn't about fun, it's about hard work!
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Komt niet vaak voor, maar ik heb er geen woorden voor. Ik heb net de Fons van Wieringen prijs gekregen voor beste onderwijsblog 2019. Hier en hier
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I wish you all a direct, explicit, eduquack-free 2019! May you all have an effective, efficient, and enjoyable (learning/teaching) year!.
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There’s stronger brain activity after writing on paper than on a tablet or smartphone
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"#Learning requires attention, focus and effort, not a good giggle. Only those who think that ‘Happy sheets’ are a true indicator of learning adhere to the nonsense that learning should be all fun" Read @DonaldClark's 'Learning is not a circus and teachers are not clowns'.
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Neen @marielle_paul , u begrijpt er echt niets van! Lezen, schrijven en rekenen zijn voorwaardelijk voor o.a. digitale geletterdheid, burgerschap enz. Zonder geletterd te zijn kan je niet digitaal geletterd zijn! Stop met deze onzinnige initiatieven en zorg voor goed onderwijs!.
Leren om digitaal vaardig te zijn is minstens zo belangrijk als goed lezen, rekenen en schrijven. Het expertisepunt digitale geletterdheid is er voor leraren die hier in de klas mee aan de slag willen. Verbinden, inspireren en informeren op één plek. 👇
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Why doesn't it surprise me that growth mindset lessons don't work? Maybe because it's BS? Professor Dweck admitted to Tes last week that she had not initially recognised the "complexity of the implementation" of growth mindset in classrooms. WTF?
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So much of what happens in learning and instruction is obscured from view, much like in a good magic trick. @C_Hendrick, @DrJimHeal and I lift the curtain on 10 such instructional illusions in our new book which is scheduled for release end-August but can be preordered now.
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They’ve been burying 50 years of research showing that explicit instruction works because it doesn’t fit the romantic narrative of constructivism and discovery.
@EduConsumersFdn @HartofLearning @P_A_Kirschner @C_Hendrick This quote sums it up, I think!. “The approach that teachers are taught to disdain worked well, and the ones they are taught to favor were embarrassing disappointments. When the truth hurt, they buried it.”. Thanks for the article!.
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Again backing for what I've been saying for years: Success/achievement leads to motivation to continue and not the other way around. Motivation can get you started, but success will keep you going!.
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OK - I give up; I've met my match. If you want to understand dual coding / cognitive theory of multimedia and what it means for teaching watch @adamboxer1's incredible @researchEdhome presentation
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Low expectations for disadvantaged students is pervasive and perverse. It's a patronizing and dangerous attitude, cloaked as kindness. George W. Bush (not my favourite) called it 'the soft bigotry of low expectations' .
Ministers are facing union pressure to make the curriculum more enjoyable for disadvantaged pupils after figures showed that school suspensions and expulsions have reached a record high ⬇️
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Some time ago I made this slide for a presentation. I thought that in 2022 that the content wasn't necessary anymore. Boy did I have that wrong!
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Want to use retrieval practice in your teaching but don't know how? Read this blog by @teacherhead
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When will schools wake up? A pre-published, groundbreaking study has found that for “deeper reading” there is a clear advantage to reading a text on paper, rather than on a screen, where “shallow reading was observed”.
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If it's online, then it must be true. Our new book (@C_Hendrick and me), illustrated by @olicav; I can almost feel it :-)
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Really nice infographic from @Catlin_Tucker on what good (direct) instruction is! Thanks Catlin.
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I've been waiting a while to post this and feel that now the time is right. Don't ask why!
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A spot-on commentary by @rpondiscio on why reading comprehension isn't a skill and the need for knowledge-rich curriculum.
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"The thing that surprised me most about my teacher prep program was that we never talked about how kids learn. I assumed that I would eventually learn how the brain worked because I thought that studying education meant studying how learning happens.
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Reading from paper leads to better integrative processing and comprehension (this time of text and illustration) than reading the same thing from a screen - open access -
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Seven myths that undermine math learning:.(1) conceptual then procedural understanding.(2) teaching algorithms is harmful.(3) inquiry learning is the best approach.(4) productive struggle is important.(5) growth mindset increases achievement.
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While a real leader, New Zealand PM Ardern, cancels her own wedding amid Omicron wave, Boris Johnson can’t even stop having drinks at number 10.
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We've know since at least 1984 (Gabi Salomon) that letting learners do what they think is most efficacious just leads to them doing the thing that feels good and ultimately learning less.
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Vanaf heden ben ik officieel emeritus hoogleraar op de @OU_Nederland. Ik stop niet met mijn strijd voor effectief, efficiënt en bevredigend lesgeven/leren. Het enige verschil is dat de uni mij niet meer betaalt :-) Jullie zijn dus nog lang niet van mij af :P.
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Hey @C_Hendrick - Here's the whole slide that I produced a few years ago explaining wat explicit instruction is and isn't.
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5 things @C_Hendrick wished he knew when he started teaching and that all teachers should know
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10-10=better teaching and learning [FYI: 10 principles minus 10 myths :-)]
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Make your slides available to students? “Researchers have done some global comparisons and the bulk of the news does not favor making slides available. Students with slides do worse on exams or show no improved learning over students without slides.”
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Six types of questions to ask your students if you want to help them to learn.
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