The two most impressive climate change speeches of the year - 15-year old @GretaThunberg at #COP24 on climate justice and @Astro_Alex from #ISS to his unborn grand-children on failures, dreams and new horizons.

Podcast on Desalination Brines - A New Source for Material Extraction this paper from 2022

Podcast on Flexibility Options for 100% Renewable Energy Systems this paper from 2025

RT @mzjacobson: How do you charge a battery-electric car with no grid electricity nearby?. With on off-grid microgrid run on solar PV+batte….

18/ @efesce @dorfman_p @ProfStrachan @peter_simone @IEABioenergy @BioenergyInfo @HJFell @kei_sakurai @AukeHoekstra @nworbmot @JeroAhola @PetteriLaakson4 @EsaVakkilainen @EnergyHuber @CKemfert @nduic @RL_Kolleg @S4F_Leipzig @ProfHLund @RuusunenJukka @_JanMertens @PaoYuOei.

17/ Listen to the Global Sustainable Bioenergy Potential paper in the new podcast on our research results: – this is AI generated using Google NotebookLM.

16/ This study led to the creation of a new database that maps the potential of sustainable bioenergy on a global-national resolution. See the comprehensive supplementary materials of the study for all primary bioenergy source types and all countries globally.

15/ Conclusion: The results indicate sustainable bioenergy can play a crucial role in the energy transition (85 – 119 EJ). Its full potential can be harnessed esp. in hard-to-abate segments (fuels, chemicals, seasonal balancing) within a #100RE framework

14/ Municipal solid waste contributes a potential ranging from 4366 – 6332 TWh (15.7 – 22.8 EJ) in respective scenarios.

13/ Forest residues contribute a potential ranging from 2119 – 7727 TWh (7.6 – 27.8 EJ) in respective scenarios.

12/ Biogas contributes a potential ranging from 1018 – 1101 TWh (2.9 – 3.9 EJ) in respective scenarios.

11/ Crop residues are the primary contributors, with a potential ranging from 16,786 – 18,022 TWh (61 – 66 EJ) in respective scenarios.

10/ Results: The global potential for sustainable bioenergy is estimated at 24,288 – 33,182 TWh (85 – 119 EJ) across scenarios.

9/ Methods 5: Municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste per capita is estimated using GDP-based trends & historical data. Waste is divided into organic biowaste & "other waste" (inorganic materials & recyclables), with respective lower heating values applied for energy values.

8/ Methods 4: Forest residue. Forestry residue estimates are based on forestry processes & products, incl. industrial roundwood & wood fuel. Forestry data are derived from FAO forestry statistics. An energy use factor and lower heating value are applied to determine energy values

7/ Methods 3: Biogas. The biogas model incl. manure, humanure, and organic biowaste, which undergo anaerobic digestion to produce biogas and biomethane. Feedstock estimates are derived from FAO, UN, and World Bank data using waste generation coefficients and energy-use factors.

6/ Methods 2: Crop residue. The model's crop residue section uses FAO data on crop production, yield, and harvestable area from 2015-2050. Energy values are calculated using heating value and an energy use-factor based on other applications of crop residue.

5/ Methods 1: The model identifies five primary sources of sustainable biomass, namely livestock manure, crop residue, forest residue, humanure, and municipal solid waste originating from agriculture, forestry, and households.

4/ This study introduces the LUT-Bioenergy model, estimating biomass residues & waste potential, excluding energy crops to ensure sustainability from 2015 to 2050 in 5-year steps. The model creates the first open-access global-national database of sustainable bioenergy potential.

3/ Background: Bioenergy is strongly debated & its use in energy scenarios range from zero via low, moderate, up to huge overuse of resources as practiced in energy-climate scenarios used for #IPCC. This study details earlier methods

2/ Literature review: Bioenergy studies largely rely on methods that overlook temporal variations, leading to scarcity of detailed, time-specific data on bioenergy potential. Such studies mainly focus on energy crops & often present their findings at a global-regional resolution.