News & Views: A brain structure called the cerebellum has mostly been associated with learning from errors. The discovery that the cerebellum is also involved in reward-driven learning in monkeys implies a previously unappreciated role in cognition.

How emotions are mapped in the brain Neuroimaging reveals the entire set of human emotions is topographically located in the right temporoparietal junction.

"Science is messy, and the results of research rarely conform fully to plan or expectation. ‘Clean’ narratives are an artefact of inappropriate pressures and the culture they have generated." Fabulous editorial from @NatureHumBehav. More editors sign on?

Speech-in-noise detection is related to auditory working memory precision for frequency https://t.co/z4ClSK8TZw #biorxiv_neursci

All current successful quantum models for human cognition lack connections to neuroscience. Li et al. show that quantum reinforcement learning can explain value-based decision making at both the behavioural and neural levels.

By estimating the age of origin of >45,000,000 human genetic variants from population genome sequencing data, @pkalbers & @gil_mcvean reveal influence of selection & demography on the human genome #HumanGenomeDating https://t.co/aNTub0rgG2 #PLOSBiology https://t.co/HP4EGMZI8R

Humans and some other apes are known for helping unrelated members of their own species. Now, the first non-mammal, the African grey parrot, joins the ranks of animals that provide help after gauging the beneficiary’s needs. #ResearchHighlight

"What techniques can individuals use to change their own behaviour? Hankonen et al have developed a compendium of 123 self-enactable techniques individuals can use to change or self-manage their motivation and behaviour." https://t.co/xVo1eFis68

Motivated control processes help us optimize our behavior. Bachman & Huettel explain how a new study shows that the dorsal ACC, a key contributor to motivated control, tracks the surprise associated with events that differ from our expectations. https://t.co/zerPU87lra

Rhythmic fluid flows in deep sleep may allow communication and clearance of waste products, according to new research. Read more in this #SciMagPerspective: ($) https://t.co/pP8XRx1LOS #Neuroscience

Stressed to the max? Deep sleep can rewire the anxious brain "Without sleep, it's almost as if the brain is too heavy on the emotional accelerator pedal, without enough brake," Walker said. https://t.co/8FvRcDZE8V

In competitive situations, people switch between two different decision-making strategies depending on whether they are winning or losing

Our paper on computational noise in reinforcement learning is out today in @NatureNeuro ( https://t.co/ZRKdIe3oci)! Co-1st authored by the brilliant @vasilisa_skv and @FindlingCharles, collab with @StePalminteri at @Inserm @Cognition_ENS. Quick summary: (1/14)

#Amygdala VIP #interneurons are activated by instructive cues for associative learning. They provide a mandatory disinhibitory signal permitting plasticity in response to unexpected salient events. https://t.co/bjTxX7U0FU

Intracranial recording in humans during decision making shows conflict-related effects on firing rate in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (#dACC), spike-phase coupling in dACC, and spike-field coherence in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (#dlPFC) https://t.co/I84KM5GUSC

.@anne_churchland and colleagues reveal how neural activity patterns are related to cognition or movements, and find that uninstructed movements dominate single-cell and population activity throughout the brain, outpacing task-related activity https://t.co/TXat6gc2YL

Mechanisms of real-time speech interpretation in the human brain revealed Study reveals the dynamic patterns of information flow between critical language regions of the brain. https://t.co/hbrBwxDDvt

Structural MRI data from >45,000 individuals aged 3 to 96 years reveals distinct patterns of apparent brain #aging in several disorders https://t.co/y9Mn9RalHx

Prior beliefs are shaped by previous experience: @hansemsohn, @NarainNeuro, @nicognitive & @mjaztwit propose a neural implementation of beliefs in the frontal cortex through warping of cortical latent dynamics #bayesianinference @ScienceMIT