First major IPCC report:1990
Rio Earth Summit establishing the UNFCCC: 1992
The Kyoto protocol:1997
Paris: 2015
Glasgow: 2021
So why haven't we bent the emissions curve in 30 years?
We conclude power concentrated in 'elites' is a major obstacle to change
Three unelected representatives of a democracy fly in separate private jets to a petrostate to be greeted by a Big Oil CEO before spouting their rambling nonsense on climate change. Is this the best our species can muster when facing a climate emergency!
It takes a child to reveal the nakedness of the emperor(s), the economic priesthood & the ‘expert’ acolytes In so doing
@GretaThunberg
weakens hierarchy & powerstructures, prising open space for new voices & ultimately opportunities for meaningful action.
The real danger of ‘net zero’ exemplified on
@BBCr4today
when head of UK Oil & Gas Authority claimed proposed development of large new UK oil field (Cambo) is all part of delivering UK net zero. We urgently need to escape the deeply corrupt net-zero framing of climate change.
Interview with the wonderful & indomitable
@GretaThunberg
by
@jonathanwatts
But let's remember that this 16year old is not our climate change saviour, rather she is a inspiring catalyst for engagement & action by others. It's about team work not celebrity.
We’ve emitted 1/4 trillion tonnes of CO2 since Paris in 2015 when our ‘so-called’ leaders signed up to cut emissions in line with 1.5-2°C. Yet here at
#COP26
world leaders collectively chose to sign a death warrant for many of our own children tomorrow &poorer communities today.
The scam of 'net zero by 2050' demonstrated again:
1) Bristol airport gets the go ahead for expansion.
2) Govt approves development of Abigail Oil field in the N.Sea.
Just turn up the 'Negative emission' dial & all is rosy - i.e. we pass our mitigation burden on to our children.
Streaked in tears we may look back on this time when our children cried out but we were too arrogant to listen. Or perhaps we’ll look back & smile, we listened, & began to cooperate rather than compete. Heady days.
#Academics4ClimateStrikes
@TyndallCentre
@CEMUSUPPSALA
@UoMPolicy
Let’s lighten the load on
@GretaThunberg
‘s shoulders. Use her speech as a call to arms and emulate her bravery. Call out the selfish & morally bereft at Davos, the subterfuge in politics, the cowardice & sychofancy in academia. But then let’s act with cogency, honesty & courage.
On climate change
@GretaThunberg
demonstrates more clarity & leadership in one speech than a quarter of a century of the combined contributions of so called world leaders. Wilful ignorance & lies have overseen a 65% rise in CO2 since 1990. Time to hand over the baton.
”So we have not come here to beg the world leaders to care for our future. They have ignored us in the past and they will ignore us again.
We have come here to let them know that change is coming whether they like it or not.”
From my speech yesterday at
#COP24
Just boarded the Manchester to London train having walked past numerous almost empty 1st class coaches before entering the crammed &uncomfortable standard class with its distinct whiff of toilet & fast food. Responses to climate change need to embed equity not entrench privilege.
@ChadFrischmann
1) the painting wasn’t damaged. 2) the first IPCC report was in 1990, almost 1/3 of a century ago & well before these protesters were born. Since then the action I, you & our generation have tried has failed to stop annual CO2 emissions rise by over 60%. So, what is “the way”?
Taking the UK Prime Minister's speech on the climate emergency as an honest reflection of his views, attached is a headline list of UK action he could initiate. Still more to do, particularly on food/land-use, but it would represent a shift from current weak mitigation policies.
On aviation & our Paris commitments. Short piece that cuts through the obfuscation that is repeatedly used to cloud the issue
We need more of this direct & blunt comment - rather than hiding behind evermore exotic & inequitable nonsense.
Why is there so little critique of
@theCCCuk
‘net-zero’ report by academics &the wider climate community? It is designed to fit with the current political & economic status quo,& in so doing proposes cuts in CO2 far smaller than those needed to meet our Paris 1.5-2°C commitments!
@GretaThunberg
Also concerning is the UK Govt spending £1 billion of tax payers money to co-fund an LNG facility in Mozambique (gas for export), set to emit an additional 4 billion tonnes of CO2 over the coming years. Clearly the UK Govt prefers rhetoric over real leadership on climate change.
Just left Manchester on the long train journey to Uppsala, Sweden. In this year of ‘climate emergencies’ it still takes two full days & with a total price far higher than flying; the real cost of flying being passed on to poor climate-vulnerable communities & the next generation!
To get journalists to hang on to your every word about climate change, first ensure your emissions are amongst the highest 0.1% of the population, second emphasise how technology is the solution & third, state how high emitters need make no change to their lifestyles/consumption.
1. Listening to
#BBCInsideScience
with
@AdamRutherford
my colleague
@clequere
noted the UK had cut its CO2 by over 40% since 1990. However, include CO2 from aviation & shipping, along with our imports & exports & the UK's cut in its total carbon emissions is much nearer 10%.
New post: "a habitable Earth can no longer afford the rich - and that could mean me & you".
I was asked to write the piece by
@ConversationUK
, but as it was about to go live a senior editor had it pulled, so here it is now on the
@Clim8Uncensored
site.
To "keep 1.5 alive" US, Norway, UK & other wealthy oil & gas producers must stop production by 2034. Poorest producers have until 2050. New report But all nations need to begin phaseout now. 1.5°C means no more fudges, lies & scams; i.e. no new production!
Things are changing! I’m laid back in a sculptured chair whilst my blood fills a pint bag. The UK election is tomorrow, & the nurse starts chatting about climate change
@GretaThunberg
& what we need to do. This is no isolated moment, climate change is becoming mainstream.
We need more of this level of clear & informed engagement on climate change (& many other issues). I know little of
@AOC
, but here she demonstrates how integrity & surgical analysis trumps the nonsense that so often masquerades as debate. There are lessons for us all here.
Attached is my longer reply to the Guardian question: "The wealthiest 1 per cent of people on the planet are responsible for double the greenhouse gas emissions of the poorest half of people. When it comes to tackling the climate crisis, is this a problem?
In just a few months a new global constituency has emerged, whose voices are loud and demands cogent. It’s up to the rest of us to listen to, engage with and then act for & with them. We owe them thanks for saying what most of us know, but have been too afraid to acknowledge.
A little gathering in Glasgow (see attached) … far removed from a private jet transporting a world ‘leader’ from their vacuous
#COP26
speech to a ‘Gentlemen-only’ club in London to dine with a well known climate sceptic (quiz question - who could that so-called leader be?)
Now we’ve had the latest IPCC report & declarations of climate emergencies, I expect tomorrow to hear announcements of no new airport or road expansions, or oil/gas developments, sale of SUVs, or of second homes & no new houses over 150m2, etc. And a perhaps a ban on flying pigs!
.
@ClimateHuman
strips away the misleading & dangerous nonsense that so many climate experts use to hide the profound scope & scale of mitigation necessary to meet our 1.5-2°C climate objectives. Why are many experts so afraid of saying it as it is?
Climate experts who suggest that we'll be able to get out of this by basically just building out renewables - that no one will be be forced to use less energy or be inconvenienced in any way - are doing a grave disservice to humanity. And this seems to be most climate experts.
...
@GretaThunberg
is herself a force of nature who catalyses thoughts and actions in others that are usually held in check by the abnormal world we’ve sadly normalised.
@GretaThunberg
The UK PM & her cabinet reveal their climate denier credentials by overseeing shale gas development (75% carbon by mass), the new Clair Ridge oil platform (1/4 bill tonnes of CO2), the Glengorm gas development (100 mill tonnes CO2) & airport expansion. Take no lesson from them!
.
@BBCWomansHour
include emissions from aviation & shipping plus those from imports & exports & UK emissions are down by around 10% since 1990 - not the cheery story of partial accounting that gives us the dodgy 44% figure. That’s is only a 0.4% cut in our CO2 each year.
@WolfgangFeist
@keithalexander
@ScotClimateCA
So let’s tell poor climate vulnerable communities &our children that us hi-emitters have decided we’re not prepared to cut CO2 in line with our Paris commitments &therefore they’d better prepare for 3-5°C of warming. At least that would be an honest, tho not honourable, position.
Some people say that we are not doing enough to fight climate change.
But that is not true.
Because to ”not do enough” you have to do something.
And the truth is we are basically not doing anything.
This film was shown inside the
#wef
today.
#FridaysForFuture
#WhateverItTakes
Disturbing piece by Climate scientist Peter Kalmus
@ClimateHuman
one of the few experts who does not sugar-coat his engagement with the public. Telling it straight is key to an informed debate.
It's "fossil fuels stupid"...
I've never warmed to
@algore
's climate framing, but this TED talk thread hits the nail on the head:
Don't trust the CEOs of BP, Shell, Exxon, etc - they have lied on climate change for decades.
Thanks to
@Jumpsteady
for compiling the thread.
»Do you take us for fools? Do you think you can just completely remove the disguise and we won’t notice?«
#COP28
is going to be a disaster. And the whole COP process is in the hammerlock of the fossil fuel industry.
Al Gore exposes all their plans in a brilliant way! 👏
🧵 1/7
@GlobalEcoGuy
Include aviation & shipping, imports & exports, and the pre-Covid drop in CO2 was nearer 15% in 30years. That's an average fall of a little over 0.5% each year for a nation with a long history of engagement on climate change, a huge renewable energy potential & is very wealthy.
A big thank you to all those having their voices heard today. Without vociferous public engagement we will only ever deliver the incremental greenwash nonsense that my generation typically favour. Attached is a an example of the scale of action we urgently require.
#ClimateStrike
Bill Gates on
@BBCr4today
@BBCJustinR
epitomises our near term failure to cut CO2. To salve his conscience he takes biofuel away from its use in buses to fuel his private flights. His proposals misunderstand cumulative CO2 &the need for a triage approach.
The nonsense of Net-Zero revealed again on
@BBCr4today
where
@SuellaBraverman
says Ok to weaken 2030 climate goals as we’ll still meet Net Zero 2050. The climate doesn’t care about net zero 2050, only total emission. Journalists
@JustinOnWeb
&
@BBCJustinR
fail to understand this.
Responding to the UK parliament’s declaration of a climate emergency, the UK government chooses to bail out a failing domestic airline. Every £ spent on this hi-CO2 transport mode is a £ that cannot be spent on rapidly developing a genuinely low-CO2 transport infrastructure.
“Many are asking what it’ll take for people in power to wake up. But let’s be clear - they’re already awake. They know exactly what they’re doing. They know exactly what priceless values they’re sacrificing to maintain business as usual.”
My speech from today’s march in Glasgow.
For “well below 2°C” China needs to peak CO2 by 2025 &be zero by 2050, at the v.latest; earlier still for 1.5°C. We must not run scared of what the science & maths tell us! See: &related piece
@MattMcGrathBBC
Symbolising our concern for both climate change & plastics in the oceans?
@WHSmith
now selling plastic bottles of water imported from Fiji to the arid city of Manchester! We managed to land on the moon in 1969, surely we can develop policies to stop this madness in 2018?
Gains in global renewable energy capacity from 2010 to 2020 have been outstripped by growth in fossil fuel use by a factor of three.
Scaling up renewables is not enough. We need to actively scale *down* fossil fuels. And right now none of our leaders have plans to do this.
In desperately pushing thro hi-CO2 shale gas, whooping for joy over evermore N.Sea oil & gas, & now overseeing a new UK coal mine for home use &export,
@claireperrymp
& UK Gov demonstrate their disdain for the concerns raised in last Fridays school strike.
With offsets the 'mitigation' of choice for many hi-emitters, this 2016 piece may be of interest. Solely in terms of temperature I suggest offsets are likely to be worse than doing nothing (tho the projects may well be of value).
“A 2016 study found that 73 per cent of carbon credits provided little or no environmental gain, as they supported projects that would have happened anyway. That figure rose to 85 per cent of projects under the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism.”
On climate change the issue of the super-rich needs to move near the top of the agenda. Not only does this small group unduly influence weak/sycophantic policy makers & journalists, but their lifestyle percolates through wider social aspirations.
@GretaThunberg
Such lies & hate are not really aimed at you. They much more reflect the low self-esteem & deep inadequacy of those making such comments. Your clarity, honesty & insights are too uncomfortable & disarming for some to deal with.
@afneil
Fine to have your views on Just Stop Oil, but your comments on the IPCC both misunderstand its role & how strong what it says actually is (eg. see attached from WGII). Your light-touch style of journalism is ok for fun/provocation, but we also need serious journalism/reporting.
Letter to EU & other leaders on what climate & ecological leadership needs to deliver For specific focus on EU Paris-compliant mitigation see: & underlining paper at:
@GretaThunberg
@IsakStoddard
@UoMPolicy
Goodbye to Paris??
Press release for our new paper at
Paper (open access) at:
A Climate Policy blog of the paper:
& another post, with the gloves off, in The Ecologist:
With the UK Gov supporting huge new UK & foreign oil & gas developments, it is absolutely clear that on mitigation the current UK cabinet are the political equivalent of Exxon. A bit of Latin & a few guffaws will not compensate for the deaths caused by their callous deception.
Denmark has certainly led the way on electricity, but its total CO2 has barely changed since 1990 once aviation, shipping, imports & exports are taken into account. Just shows how far we have to go & how consumptions levels & distribution are pivotal to addressing climate change.
This is what it means to be a 'world leader' in decarbonisation. Countries like the UK, which reduced its carbon emissions by around 10% over the last several decades, are nowhere. Time for some fast bowling, not spin, in UK politics.
@beisgovuk
@claireperrymp
@KevinClimate
The beauty of an October morning high on the Peak District’s Snake Pass gradually eroded be vapour trails &accompanying cirrus clouds. Noise, visual impact, lots of CO2 &warming from contrails. Aviation serves mostly wealthy frequent flyers, hence so little control of the sector.
New Article in the Conversation
Credit to the IPCC for careful use of science to understand climate change
But, on mitigation the IPCC "has been as damaging to the agenda of cutting emissions as Exxon was in misleading the public about climate science"
Interviewed on
@BBCr4today
@grantshapps
misunderstands climate science. It is not about what future policymakers & technology may deliver in 2030, 2040 & 2050, but for 1.5-2°C is most importantly about our emissions today & over this decade - a timeframe he conveniently ignores.
The Australien Government has made an ad about the policies it's taking to the
#COP26
UN Climate Summit in Glasgow, and it’s surprisingly honest and informative.
👉 We're on Patreon:
My warmest thanks to all those who have sent me such kind messages, it makes me really appreciate being part of the vibrant twitter-climate community.
For a short post on my experience of being cared for within the UK's national health service (NHS) see:
Refreshing to hear a politician saying this. Sad that so many academics working on climate change say similar things in private, whilst choose to heavily sweeten their public pronouncements.
Ireland's new Minister of Climate & Environment:
"It will require a revolution in how we live. Every person, every community, every business, every home & every school will have to make changes in the way we live & work & learn. Nothing less will do ..."
... also a useful guide to academics working with or engaging on climate change (tho' probably need to take the wider interpretation of science so as to include the social sciences, etc.).
Some rules and recommendations for those on
#schoolstrike4climate
And if you think that “following the Paris Agreement and IPCC” is too vague - then make sure everyone study them. They are the global tools we have at hand today. Let’s use them!
#FridaysForFuture
#ClimateStrike
@Sir_David_King
Whilst the analysis of Hansen et al is at the high end of the IPCC's climate sensitivity range, given the dire consequences if they're correct, it's this value that should guide the scale & timeline of mitigation. Yet rhetoric & lies remain the currency of most political leaders.
This disturbing article demonstrates how oil majors are puling out every scam& PR stunt to divert attention from the fact that Paris requires a rapid phase out of fossil fuel energy. By contrast
@eni
@BP_plc
@Shell
@exxonmobil
explore for evermore oil&gas.
This is a debate that really needs to enter the mainstream.
The nonsense of infinite growth is massaged away by reference to mythical (at a timely scale) ‘decoupling’,
At the same time degrowth is dismissed by those disproportionately benefitting from the current Ponzi scheme.
Our newest
@Nature
commentary on how "Degrowth can work — here’s how science can help"
with
@jasonhickel
@g_kallis
@JKSteinberger
Wealthy countries can create prosperity while using less materials &energy if they abandon economic growth as an objective
The carbon budget for a flip of a coin chance of ≤1.5°C is now just 5-8 years of current emissions. Yet the
#COP28
chair & many co-opted academics/experts still bang on about 1.5°C & 2050. At what point do we say it as it is, not as us wealthy hi-emitters would like it to be?
Important new report: Just as in the IPCC, it shows that if we go beyond 1.5, we enter a high-risk zone of crossing tipping points. We need to move fast to avoid moving to a point where the Earth system takes over & pushed us in a direction with unmanageable conditions.
On a lecture tour of Ireland, Dublin-Ballina-Cork-Dublin. Train from the Peak District, ferry from Holyhead, then ~100mile-days around the Emerald Isle powered by legs & a bike (barring mechanicals/mishaps). Weather looks , but the ‘crack’ should be good.
I wish those you engaged with (& other's working on these issues) would much more often (& repeatedly) make their views known & vociferously counter the litany of optimistic crap that dominates/twists the climate debate (& which journalists all too often unquestioningly peddle).
Climate experts were increasingly saying that keeping heating below 1.5C is near impossible, yet it remains the global goal. So I asked hundreds of top IPCC scientists what they thought. What they said shocked even me…
🧵 1/n
#ClimateCrisis
Off back to Sweden; still no ferries or night trains, though lots of cheap flights. Just another indicator of how the rhetoric of Paris is light years from meaningful action. Any chance of 2°C will soon go the way of 1.5°C if even the EU can’t demonstrate low CO2 infrastructure.
30 years of scam layered on scam sees CO2 emissions today 60% higher than at the time of the first IPCC report. Yet here we are in 2022, pretending that burning American/Canadian trees in a UK power station is a progressive step towards a zero-CO2 society!
In a recent discussion with
@jrockstrom
he explains why we need "to phase out fossil fuels ... as fast as we ever can".
Full interview for
@Clim8Uncensored
at:
Other "Climate Uncensored" videos & blogs at:
Two & a half years on, or put another way, a further 100 billion tonnes of CO2 dumped into the atmosphere … & virtually all ‘net-zero nations’ with oil & gas reserves are seeking yet more new fields.
Good to hear a question about ‘net-zero’ vs. ‘real zero’. Worth noting that
@theCCCuk
latest report is relying on ~40% higher negative emission technologies (by 2050) than their previous analysis. As we fail on mitigation, we simply turn up the NETs dial.
@medicsforfuture
.
@BBCJustinR
@amolrajan
@bbcr4today
If the PM is serious about responding to the 'climate emergency', attached is an indication of the policy landscape necessary in relation to energy. Other changes would be required in regards to food, etc. We need action to cut CO2 not more PR.
@DrSimEvans
@JimSkeaIPCC
@BillGates
I suggest we ignore
@BillGates
on midwifery, football tactics, pension planning, train design & climate change. If want an expert on abusing monopoly powers of beta software companies, Bill's your man. But let's ignore his nonsense on subjects he patently knows nothing about.
I see the
@theCCCuk
'net zero' report as the swan song of an old framing of responses to climate change. Things have moved on, the rates of mitigation are no longer amenable to green tweaks, future tech, colonialism & passing the buck to the next generation. My comments attached.
... reversal of roles again; adults regress to childish games, whilst a child demonstrates leadership. Parenthood is surely about much more than just doing what’s convenient. It’s about time us grown-ups grew up!
I 4 månader har politikerna försökt få ihop en regering. Klimatet har nästan inte berörts.
Nu har vi en ny regering vars politik inte ens snuddar vid vad som krävs för att vi ska vara i linje med Parisavtalet och IPCC-rapporten.
Vi kommer få sitta kvar utanför riksdagen. Länge.
This was my first direct engagement with XR, & I can only say what I found: a welcoming & eclectic bunch across ages & ‘class’ (less on ethnicity?), well informed, open minded, courteous, deeply committed & a desire to more fully understand issues & their role in driving change.
@ProfMarkMaslin
@climateactiontr
Given the UK’s net-zero 2050 pathway is one of the least ‘unprogressive’ amongst wealthy nations, & we estimate it’s inline with 2.5-3°C & I think the 2.4°C likely relies on v.optimistic interpretations & 100s billions tCO2 of NETs?
Perhaps I’m biased; but rather than expand airports & lock-in decades of high emissions, surely it would be wiser to accelerate deployment of night trains? Left Uppsala on Wednesday evening & set to arrive Manchester later this evening (Friday). 48hrs, 2 hotels & v.expensive!
Damning plot demonstrates why equity is key to meaningful climate policy, yet it remains sidelined by most of us framing the climate debate: academics/policymakers/business leaders/barristers/journalists/etc. Hard to understand why? Anyone would think we’re in the top 10% group!
@Peters_Glen
@SkepticalRanger
Whilst Covid19 will barely dent rising CO2 concentrations, it has stripped bare the rhetoric of “it’s not possible”, revealing how immediate, deep &system-level responses are achievable. So let’s build on this &implement a progressive, timely & zero-CO2 transformation.
@BMHayward
Thanks to you all for supporting Greta’s powerful, honest & clear voice, & thanks Greta for having the courage to stand up & be counted. Wishing you all a peaceful & fun time to rejuvinate & here’s to a more progressive 2019.
@GretaThunberg
@Malena_Ernman
Spot on by
@fionaharvey
Let's be in no doubt, increasingly UK ministers are ministers in name only. The reality is that they are employed conduits of Big Oil, Big Finance, etc. With little intellects & morally bereft, they are easily bought & manipulated by their puppeteers.
.
@BBCr4today
interview with
@RishiSunak
by
@Marthakearney
-please counter the nonsense about UK climate leadership! Include CO2 from aviation &shipping, imports &exports & UK CO2 is down only about 15% since 1990; ie. ~0.5% each year. Far removed from our Paris & G7 commitments.
US Oil & Gas Envoy John Kerry pushes for much stronger climate action, yet presides over a US 2021 increase in CO2 of 6%; a country where CO2/capita is already one of the highest in the world. We need to focus as much on oil & gas in wealthy nations as on coal in poorer nations.
Interview by
@bbcnickrobinson
of John Kerry on
@BBCr4today
(21 July ) was deeply disturbing. Kerry's proposals would have been ok in 1995, but in 2021 they're far removed from the sheer scope & scale of cuts in CO2 needed for 1.5-2°C. Kerry's framing will take us to nearer 3-4°C.
An important read for anyone seriously interested in climate change. The actions of 'developed' nations (reinforced by the complicit silence of most climate experts) usher in a "neo-colonisation" era.
If too difficult to read the attached print, then try:
My piece in today’s
@htTweets
“Climate deception in the name of action” calling out developed countries for
- disregarding adaptation
- backtracking on
#ParisAgreement
targets, including mitigation
- not providing
#climatefinance
- stifling future growth of
#GlobalSouth
⬇️
Just noticed that I’ve been blocked by the international civil aviation authority
@icao
Have others working on aviation emissions also been blocked? Appears to be that their commitment to open skies does not extend to open (& courteous) debate?
To put some (optimistic) headline numbers on it. For a 50% chance of not exceeding 1.5°C we can emit ~350 billion tonnes of CO2 from now, i.e. <9 years of current global emissions. For Paris “well below 2°C” the budget is ~750bill tonnes, ie. 19yrs. So
@JamesGDyke
is spot on!
I've been getting some grief about this. Can we just back up a bit? Climate science & policy folk are very clear about this: we can't develop new oil & gas if we want to limit warming to "well below 2°C". Debate JSO tactics if you want, but the science is very clear here.
1/2 I'm at a complete loss how on
@R4WorldTonight
top environmental journalist
@MattMcGrathBBC
can claim the UK (& even the US) targets are "very much in line with 1.5°C". What carbon budget & equity criteria can he be using, or is it just huge 'negative emissions'?
@BBCJamesM
1/4 The
@bbcr4today
discussion on climate change with
@amolrajan
&
@BBCJustinR
misses the key issue of the imbalance in responsibility for emissions. 50% of CO2 arises from the activities for just 10% of the population. Worse still the top 1% emit 2x CO2 of bottom 50%!
As an ex-boxer I naively expected
@JustinTrudeau
to show more courage than to throw his fight against climate change in round 1 & for just a handful of oil dollars. If only the Canadian children whose future he’s squandered could vote in next years federal election!
@NaomiAKlein
The key point here is spot on - we simply aren’t yet mature or honest enough to recognise that us hi-consumers are not typical; we have normalised our excesses & deluded ourselves that it is impossible to reduce our consumption & hence cling to any passing tech-topia.
This clear & well balanced piece on methane in the FT offers another reason (if any were needed) for policy makers to take climate change seriously; not the half-baked lies &delayed garbage they’ve offered thus far, but actual rapid &deep mitigation today.
.
@BBCr4today
again focussed on Covid impacts on aviation, a transport mode primarily serving wealthier frequent fliers & mostly used for leisure. Why is there so little attention on the implications of Covid on buses &trains, key transport modes used by the many not just the few.