Jay Joseph
@jayjoseph22
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Psychologist/author deconstructing behavioral/psychiatric genetic research and theories. Author of "Schizophrenia and Genetics: The End of An Illusion" (2023).
Joined April 2009
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Announcing a revised preprint
@kenrich12
and I co-authored on "The Bell Curve." It will appear in the edited book "The Heredity Hoax: Challenging Flawed Genetic Theories of Human Development," forthcoming with Routledge. R. M. Lerner & G. Greenberg, eds.
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If psychiatry tried to determine the reason why a water-starved houseplant, kept in the dark, was not thriving, it would focus on the leaves and seeds, and say that while water and sunlight are important, the plant has a disordered-seed-based leaf disorder needing leaf treatment.
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#Schizophrenia
expert E. F. Torrey hot off the press:
"Not a single gene has been found that can be causally linked to schizophrenia."
I have been saying in publications since 1998 that "genes for schizophrenia" do not exist. Vindication feels great.
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The failed behavioral candidate gene era provides a fresh example of how a scientific structure can produce thousands of gene-discovery claims over two-plus decades, and then come crashing down upon the discovery that the structure produced only false-positive non-findings.
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@rasmansa
An IQ bell curve does not exist "in nature." Psychometricians create them by selecting test items. Here's how the authors of The Bell Curve created a bell shaped curve when there wasn't one in reality.
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1. 🧵Thread looking at evidence in favor of “IQ heritability” cited in “The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life” (Kindle Ed.) by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray. In this much-discussed 1994 book, the authors argued that…
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So Cambridge IQ hereditarian Nathan Cofnas posts a link to his "Guide for the Hereditarian Revolution." I asked him to cite evidence that IQ has a genetic basis, since I am skeptical of such evidence. His response is seen below. So much for scholarship.
@nathancofnas
@SashaGusevPosts
Here's an "actual argument." Due to confounding, false assumptions, p-hacking, confirmation bias, the disputed "IQ" and "heritability" concepts, and so on, family, twin, and adoption studies have failed to provide valid evidence that genes influence intelligence. Care to respond?
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New review by psychologist Michael R. Jackson of Charles Murray's new-yet-already-forgettable book, a book that "consists of nothing more than an inventory of racial differences and a willful refusal to examine the causes of these differences."
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Do wealthy people in England also inherit genes that contribute to committing centuries of colonial and neo-colonial atrocities across the globe, including enslaving people? Seems like an important grant-worthy area to explore in the next round of genetic research.
In PNAS today, Greg Clark documents the inheritance of social status in an impressive dataset on 422,374 people born in England between 1600 to 2022.
Clark finds a strong persistence in social status going from close to distant relatives, which fits a model dating back to RA…
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1/ Critics argue that “heritability” is a misunderstood and misused concept, and that “heritability estimates,” which range from 0% to 100% (0.0 to 1.0), do not tell us “how much” genes contribute to human behavioral differences, or how "fixed" human behavior is.
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IQ hereditarian
#junkscience
can be used to justify and incite mass murder and ethnic cleansing.
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Genetic determinists love twin studies when researchers fallaciously conclude in favor of large genetic influences. But as soon as these researchers notice environmental aspects, a least one determinist calls them "garbage" researchers who should "be ashamed of themselves"!
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@ShoahUkraine
Most of the Third Reich's top "race scientists" "got away with everything and lived happily ever after in the west," including in Germany itself.
#PsychiatricGenetics
founder Ernst Rüdin is one example. Josef Mengele's mentor provides another example:
Otmar von Verschuer was one of most evil "scientists" in history, a direct accomplice of the worst crimes of the Third Reich. Mengele sent his Auschwitz "twin study samples" to him. After the war, he resumed his academic career in Germany and kept on writing about twin research.
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Periodic reminder that according to twin research, dog ownership and vegetarianism are more heritable than IQ.
From the world of
#twinstudies
:
"IQ heritability" = 50%
"Dog ownership heritability" = 57%
"Vegetarianism/veganism heritabilty" = 75%
Any comments?
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One aspect of p-hacking is to collect data past the planned stop point if significant results aren't found. In 2 famous genetic studies, when the results didn't support desired genetic conclusions, they became "preliminary," "not fully analyzed," and "requiring further analysis."
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Worthy additions to anyone's critical genetics (of behavior) reading list:
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Announcing that my new
@routledgemh
book "Schizophrenia and Genetics: The End of An Illusion" will be available for preorder on November 18th. A description of the book is linked below.
#Schizophrenia
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How the "ultra-wealthy" have transferred even more wealth from poor and working people to themselves, with the help of American politicians from both major parties. Clearly, not the type of "theft" and "looting" reported in the corporate media owned by the same "ultra-wealthy."
Watch how the ultra-wealthy in America gradually raised the taxes of the poor and eventually bent the curve downward until they paid the lowest tax rate of all
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#Genetics
books to AVOID. They have played a major role in promoting false
#behavioralgenetics
and
#psychiatricgenetics
claims. The authors endorse massively flawed “heritability” studies based on obviously false assumptions. The main reason to read these books is to debunk them.
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In The Bell Curve, Herrnstein & Murray said that reared-apart twin studies provided the "purest comparison" to estimate heritability. One such "study" was a fraud (Burt), and the most famous was based on invalid p-hacked results (Minnesota).
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Psychiatry and its supporters often worry about the “societal burden of mental disorders.”
From a different perspective, taking social/political conditions into account, much human psychological distress and dysfunction can be seen as the "mental burden of societal disorders."
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Science is experiencing a
#ReplicationCrisis
. In "Schizophrenia and Genetics: The End of An Illusion," I use replication crisis concepts and terms to explain how genetic research on psychiatry's archetypal "mental disorder" has gone terribly wrong.
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1/ Thoughts and comments about an interview with K. Paige Harden in the 9/12/2021 ed. of The Guardian. The interviewer is Zoë Corbyn. Harden is promoting her behavioral genetics (BG) field, and her book "The Genetic Lottery." UOS, all quotes from Harden.
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@DanielaZigova
"Someone who pushes anti psychiatry rhetoric" really means, "Someone who presents arguments that challenge mainstream psychiatry, for which mainstream psychiatry has no answers." Yes, much better to attend a uni that prohibits critical thinking and debate.
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1/ In the 1850s, a mental disorder called “Drapetomania” was invented by American physician Samuel Cartwright to pathologize people of African descent who attempted to escape slavery.
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For people interested in the origins and practices of the Pioneer Fund, a notorious source of money for those promoting scientific racism, I highly recommend William H. Tucker's 2002 book "The Funding of Scientific Racism."
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🧵1. (of 20). In a previous thread, I examined the “IQ heritability” evidence cited by R. Herrnstein and C. Murray in “The Bell Curve” (1994). I showed that these authors presented no valid evidence in favor of above-zero WITHIN-group IQ heritability.
1. 🧵Thread looking at evidence in favor of “IQ heritability” cited in “The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life” (Kindle Ed.) by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray. In this much-discussed 1994 book, the authors argued that…
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I recently finished reading "The Power Threat Meaning Framework: An Alterative to Psychiatric Diagnosis," by Mary Boyle and
@ClinpsychLucy
. I recommend this book as an important alterative to medical models based on "diagnoses" with phantom biological/genetic causes.
#PTMF
"The Power Threat Meaning Framework: A conceptual alternative to psychiatric diagnosis" with Dr. Lucy Johnstone. Free talk over Zoom! The next Psychology @ Roehampton University Seminar, 1pm Friday 22nd Jan! Register here!
#PTMF
#PTMFramework
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@kareem_carr
The Burt "data" are fraudulent. The degree of MZ twin "separation" in the Newman, Juel-Nielsen, and Shields studies is seen below. We can assume the Minnesota degree of separation was similar (they kept their data secret).
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RC Lewontin on
#IQ
tests:
"In the constant war of the possessors against the dispossessed...for the last 60 years...IQ tests [have] been one of the major symbols of worth used to convince us of the justice and naturalness of social stratification and unequal power and rewards."
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To all race scientists and IQ hereditarians out there. Please note that all so-called IQ "reared-apart" twin studies have been debunked by various authors over the years. This includes the Newman, Shields, Juel-Nielsen, Swedish (SATSA), and especially Bouchard's Minnesota study.
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A 1982 study found that children of unskilled workers adopted by the top 13% SES families scored 14 IQ points higher on IQ tests than the non-adopted children of unskilled workers.
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I'll be posting an online article in a few weeks about why genetics is not a cause. Studying "neural networks" goes nowhere. We need to focus attention on causes of depression that lie outside of the body and brain, where the only true causes can be found.
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Richard Lewontin (based on Leon Kamin's work) in 1976 saw in IQ hereditarian research “a pattern of shoddiness, carelessness, miserable experimental design, misreporting, and misrepresentation amounting to a major scandal.”
Not much has changed since then.
The sordid and specious history of the genetics of intelligence is both fascinating and dizzying. It almost feels like we’re caught in some kind of conceptual whirlpool. Or perhaps more accurate, a conceptual sinkhole.
#rethinkingintelligence
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Given the renewed interest in "reared-apart" twin studies, it's critically important to understand that these investigations studied MZ twin pairs that in most cases were only partially reared apart. Detailed evidence from original sources in this article
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According to twin research, "dog ownership" and "vegetarianism" are more "heritable" than IQ! We should remind IQ hereditarians of these "findings" when they throw similar and equally worthless "high IQ heritability" figures at us.
#junkscience
#EEAtwins
Periodic reminder that according to twin research, dog ownership and vegetarianism are more heritable than IQ.
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The
#PsychiatricGenetics
future has arrived. In 2000, top researchers in the field saw the Human Genome Project as an "immense factory" of gene identification. The factory is now set to close, having produced nothing but highly publicized spurious false alarms in
#psychiatry
.
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Thought experiment...
Suppose the leaders of psychiatry issue an official statement saying that decades of failed gene discovery attempts have led the field to conclude that its disorders are not caused by faulty genes.
What would this mean for psychiatry and for society?
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@nathancofnas
@SashaGusevPosts
Here's an "actual argument." Due to confounding, false assumptions, p-hacking, confirmation bias, the disputed "IQ" and "heritability" concepts, and so on, family, twin, and adoption studies have failed to provide valid evidence that genes influence intelligence. Care to respond?
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The latest brilliant scholarship coming out of Cambridge! A culture choosing "the rice paddy" over "the savanna" will eventually earn them 20 precious IQ points.
#junkscience
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Psychiatry is amazingly selective in the research it scrutinizes. P-hacked/misinterpreted genetic, brain, and drug studies sail through peer review and are validated by textbooks. A well-publicized study threatens its positions, and large COI-riddled teams pounce on every word.
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Partly the result of the promotion of junk sciences such as "IQ hereditarianism, "national IQ data sets," "reared-apart twin studies," "The Bell Curve," "the heritability of personality," "The Jim Twins," "high heritability of psychiatric disorders," and "the genetics of crime."
A majority of Republican primary voters in CBS News polling — 81% — said that they agreed with President Trump's statement that immigrants are "poisoning the blood of our country," and 47% of voters overall said they agreed with it.
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1987: James Flynn documents "massive" IQ gains in 14 nations, even for the supposedly "culture-free" Raven test, and concludes that "psychologists should stop saying that IQ tests measure intelligence."
#FlynnEffect
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Dr. Blue: "
#Depression
is a highly heritable neuropsychiatric mental health problem. Treat with meds."
Competing Interest Statement: Dr. Blue is a paid consultant of and holds equity in Anti-D Pharmaceuticals, and receives speaker fees from the Australian Logging Association.
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This tends to happen when twin researchers and their supporters have no answers to the arguments of their critics.
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@SashaGusevPosts
And maybe IQ'ists will finally start talking about how the most famous "IQ heritability" study of them all had to suppress its own control group results to arrive at desired conclusions.
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New article: "The Schizophrenia Genetics Illusion: A Century of Failure and Hype."
This article summarizes the main points in my 2023
@routledgemh
book, "Schizophrenia and Genetics: The End of an Illusion."
@sarahgoreMH
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"(1) There is no scientific dispute whatsoever about the existence of IQ gaps between population groups. None."
This statement is false, as I showed in this thread.
🧵1. (of 20). In a previous thread, I examined the “IQ heritability” evidence cited by R. Herrnstein and C. Murray in “The Bell Curve” (1994). I showed that these authors presented no valid evidence in favor of above-zero WITHIN-group IQ heritability.
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@samhusseini
Also an example of how the U.S. and probably Seldowitz himself in the State Department supported and continue to support the oppressive Sisi government in Egypt, and then mock people for being too primitive to have "freedom"!
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Good job (white) male IQ test creators and meta-analysts! You quite skillfully invented tests and meta-analyses showing that you are smarter than everyone else.
Is there an IQ gap between men and women? One meta-analysis of progressive matrices found that the sex gap was about 5 points in favor of men in adulthood, suggesting women have a lower IQ than men.
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James Flynn tried to “solve the paradox of how environment could appear so feeble in the twin studies and yet so potent in IQ gains over time.” The “paradox” is easily solved. “Massive” IQ gains over time are real; twin study IQ genetic (heritability) findings are an illusion.
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12/ As we see, “heritability estimates” assess variation as opposed to cause, and do not at all indicate the strength or weakness of the genetic influence—or by implication the strength or weakness of the environmental influence.
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In this December 2022 article, I explained why there are no "schizophrenia genes" to be found. I'm pleased to see top schizophrenia experts like E. Fuller Torrey finally recognizing this reality.
NIMH has spent almost $8 billion in pursuit of this goal. Not a single gene has been found that can be causally linked to schizophrenia and the research has produced no improvements in treatments.
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In his 1976 review of L.J. Kamin's "The Science and Politics of IQ," Richard Lewontin wrote that Kamin discovered in IQ hereditarian research “a pattern of shoddiness, carelessness, miserable experimental design, misreporting, and misrepresentation amounting to a major scandal.”
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@WDavidHill
@EdinUniLBC
@genscot
@aidanbutty
@nm_davies
@StuartJRitchie
@BehaviorGenetic
@mcintosh2001
Yet another distressing example of pseudoscience that is designed mainly to produce corporate media headlines in support of the status and privileges of the wealthy (who own the corporate media), and to keep the rest of us passive and divided so that they can get even wealthier.
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Announcing my new online Human Development article. Contrary to most published discussions of "
#IQ
heritability," I show that the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart produced no evidence that genes influence within- or between-group IQ score differences.
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Psychologist Leon J. Kamin's (1927-2017) 1974 book "The Science and Politics of I.Q." exploded the "twins reared apart" study myth, and suggested that British psychologist Cyril Burt's data had been fabricated.
My 2018 tribute to Kamin's landmark work:
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The Bell Curve "magic chapter" is actually Ch. 4 (pp. 105-108), where Murray and Herrstein failed to produce valid evidence that heredity influences IQ scores within groups, let alone between groups.
Unfortunately, 1 of the 22 chapters sparked such a frenzy that it largely drowned out the overarching message Murray and Herrnstein were trying to convey. In it, they report persistent ethnic gaps in average IQ and suggest genetics could play a factor.
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I will return to genetics posts once the slaughter/ethic cleansing by the Israeli gov is stopped. About genetics, this barbarism may be an ominous dystopian sign of what our rulers are planning for other peoples their pseudoscience calls genetically inferior surplus populations.
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Nice article on "national IQ" datasets by
@RebeccaSear
. IQ hereditarians use junk-science data to produce junk-science images.
Similar to cherry-picked stories of "separated identical twins" that suggest nothing about genetic influences on behavior.
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Word to the wise. Behaviorally speaking, any words following a statement beginning, "According to twin studies..." can be safely disregarded.
According to twin studies, parents have some effect on how long their daughters wait to have sex, but none on their sons.
The old folk wisdom that you should lock up your daughters but “boys will be boys” is confirmed by science.
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Behavioral genetics and psychiatric genetics are fields in which researchers can turn out to be wrong about almost everything, yet still have distinguished and award-winning careers.
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It has always fascinated me to see that IQ hereditarians are so fond of the work of James Flynn, given that his "Flynn Effect" discoveries, together with twin study debunking by others, helped sink the IQ hereditarian argument altogether.
This paper is part of our Special Issue in honor of James Flynn.
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When assessing current psychiatric arguments that "we always knew" that serotonin was not associated with
#depression
, we should keep "citation classics" like this one in mind.
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There is no valid scientific evidence supporting genetic influences on between-group IQ differences, just as there is no evidence supporting WITHIN-group "IQ heritability."
Within-group
Between-group
"The time for noble lies and cautious caveats has passed. Race differences in intelligence are a recalcitrant fact with pervasive ramifications."
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@JDaviesPhD
@wendyburn
@22Q11_Ireland
"Link" means correlation, not cause. There have been countless genetic "links" to
#schizophrenia
, but they never hold up. In 2017, researchers listed failed schiz "candidate genes," including 22q 11.2. The candidate gene era was a "flop" (Plomin).
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IQ hereditarian
@StuartJRitchie
blocked me last year. Recently, he called me a "crank" who says that "genes don't do anything." Calling others names and attributing ridiculous ideas to them is easier when the ability to respond is blocked. Is that how science is supposed to work?
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BREAKING: "Vegetarianism/veganism" is more "heritable" (76%) than IQ, and almost as heritable as
#Schizophrenia
. (Alternately, twin studies and heritability estimates combine to form
#JunkScience
)
"Perhaps the most striking of our findings revealed that vegetarianism/veganism is 76% heritable in this population."
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There is no such thing as "left-wing IQ denialism." I showed in 2021 that Freddie DeBoer relied on second-hand behavioral genetic accounts of IQ genetic research. In general, he botched the core IQ issues his book's main arguments were based upon.
I talked to Freddie de Boer about left-wing IQ denialism, the crisis in education and his book The Cult of Smart. He was insightful, eloquent and rather sweet. 🎧
Episode 145 - Freddie DeBoer - The Cult of Smart’ by Two for Tea Podcast
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"The patient suffers from a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder, and needs medication,"
#psychiatry
would say.
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Twin research tells us that "dog ownership" (DO) is ≈ 60% heritable. We observe a 33% DO gap between Poland (45%) and Turkey (12%). Because the environment can't entirely explain the gap, a "Bellcurvian" analysis suggests that Polish people carry more DO genes vs Turkish people.
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To the "National IQ datasets" pseudoscientists out there.
#IQ
scores in Niger will rise when uranium profits are transferred from the bank accounts of French corporations to the funding of Nigerian infrastructure, schools, social services, etc.
UPDATE: Niger increases price of its uranium from 4000 Francs/Kg (€0.80 cent) to 137,000 Fr (€200). This is the same price that Canada charges for its uranium.
Niger has two major uranium mines providing about 5% of world mining output from Africa's highest-grade uranium ores
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According to this astute psychiatrist, anyone questioning schizophrenia genetic research and gene discovery claims is practicing "scientific bigotry!"
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We should never forget that Arthur Jensen's 1969/1970 claims of "high IQ heritability" and genetic racial differences in IQ depended heavily on Cyril Burt's now-discredited "reared apart twin study"--fraudulent "beyond a reasonable doubt."
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Yes, and the "Flynn effect" by itself sinks IQ hereditarian theories, which predict static or, more likely, declining "national intelligence" rates.
South Koreans gained an amazing 7.7 on IQ tests per decade. This is much higher than in the West and other developed countries.
#flynneffect
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Had it not been for psychologist Leon J. Kamin, fraudster Cyril Burt's "twin study" would still be featured in every psychology textbook. Let that sink in.
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"The Bell Curve" within- and between-group
#IQ
heritability junk science "helped disguise politically and even militarily imposed social, political, economic, and international inequality as biological inequality."
#IQ
#twinresearch
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The image on the left represents how
#psychiatry
and
#PsychiatricGenetics
see
#schizophrenia
. The image on the right is the cover of my most recent book, where I show that there is no reason to suspect that genes have anything to do with the condition.
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13/ The use of heritability estimates as an indication of “how much” genes influence behavioral characteristics or diseases should end. Heritability was developed as a breeding statistic in agriculture, and this remains its only valid use. For more, see
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In this 2022 report (Segal & Hur), the IQ scores of a pair of reared-apart female identical (MZ) twins "raised in very different environments" differed by 16 points, the same expectation for randomly selected genetically unrelated persons reared apart (Plomin & Defries, 1980).
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Thomas Bouchard just published a response to my 2022 critical evaluation of his 1990 Minnesota
#IQ
twin study. Here are the full-text links for my 2022 article and Bouchard's 2023 response. I will respond at a later point.
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Redistributing even some of the wealth of the world's billionaires would do wonders for people's mental health. Instead, they prefer that we focus on brains, genes, and medications (which they also profit from).
"The world should aim to dramatically reduce the wealth and number of billionaires between now and 2030, both by increasing taxes on the top 1% and adopting other billionaire-busting policies."
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Lewontin, Rose, and Kamin, in "Not in Our Genes" (1984): “Nothing demonstrates more clearly how scientific methodology and conclusions are shaped to fit ideological ends than the sorry story of the heritability of IQ.”
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From the world of
#twinstudies
:
"IQ heritability" = 50%
"Dog ownership heritability" = 57%
"Vegetarianism/veganism heritabilty" = 75%
Any comments?
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My latest article for the Mad in America website:
"Major Depression: The 'Chemical Imbalance' Pillar Is Crumbling—Is the Genetics Pillar Next?"
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I have been following the psychiatric genetics field since the mid-1990s. I am not aware of any "successes," unless we count as successes the production of massively flawed twin and adoption studies, in addition to spurious or non-causative psychiatric gene "discoveries."
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🧵Summary of major problem areas in the 6 "twins reared apart" (TRA) studies. Most apply to the well-known Minnesota study.
1) Most identical (MZ) twin pairs were only partially reared apart.
2) Twins share a prenatal environment.
3) Selective adoption placement of twins.
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Freddie deBoer wrote an entire book based on IQ genetic research he knew little about. When he later commented on an article I wrote exposing all this, he did not say that anything I wrote in my article was wrong.
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Twin research, though based on obviously false assumptions, has often been used to support the interests of corporations and the wealthy. In this case, twin research is used to provide false biological justification for the wealth and privileges of the elite.
#junkscience
"We show that class attainment is strongly influenced by genetics."
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Top IQ researcher/author Robert Sternberg in 1997. Even if IQ heritability is 100%, the correct answer is (e).
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In their 1990 Science paper, Bouchard and his Minnesota twin study colleagues found that the environment plays a major role in causing "reared-apart" MZ twins to behave similarly. Then, they decided to count environmental influences as genetic influences.
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Kenneth Kendler and I had a 2005 letter exchange in the Am J of Psychiatry, at the height of the "candidate gene" era. I wrote that attempts to discover genes causing psychiatric conditions had failed. Kendler wrote that genes were being identified. History shows I was right.
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A pair of allegedly "separated-at-birth" monozygotic twins (MZAs), as seen in the Shields 1962 study. There are many more examples. OK to share this image with IQ hereditarians on Twitter who cite MZA correlations in support of their claims.
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Example of Twitter misinformation.
The cited "twin study" does not exist. The author is confusing two separate studies: the Minnesota Transracial Adoption Study and the Minnesota Study of Twin Reared Apart. The former did not study twins. The latter did not involve race.
Unfortunately you are wrong. The Minnesota Twin study of 1979 found that identical twins who are reared apart with a different racial set of adoptive parents had the same chance of being similar as twins who were raised together
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Twin studies are based on the assumption that identical (MZ) and fraternal (DZ) twins grow up experiencing "equal environments." This table provides data from studies assessing twins' levels of identity confusion and attachment. The assumption is false.
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"Scientists have made a breakthrough in the understanding of which gene variations are responsible for the development of schizophrenia."
Given 50 years of failure, the real "breakthrough" would be for the media to start approaching such claims with extreme skepticism.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in the understanding of which gene variations are responsible for the development of schizophrenia in the affected population.
#Schizophrenia
#TechnologyNews
#medicalresearch
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