Yad Vashem
@yadvashem
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World center for Holocaust research, documentation, education and commemoration. A dynamic place of inter-generational and international encounter.
Joined April 2009
.@AOC Concentration camps assured a slave labor supply to help in the Nazi war effort, even as the brutality of life inside the camps helped assure the ultimate goal of "extermination through labor.". Learn about concentration camps #Holocaust #History
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Righteous Among the Nations Maria Kotarba worked as a courier with the Polish resistance before she was caught and deported to Auschwitz #OTD 6 January 1943; there she risked her life to smuggle medicines & food to Jewish prisoners . Learn more:
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"Dear Daddy – we are well – goodbye" .. Sisters Suzan and Lili wrote these words in the last postcard that they sent to their father, Hugó Klein. They were deported to Auschwitz #OTD 24 May 1944
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Karel & Amalia Hamerslag were murdered in Sobibor #OTD 28 May 1943 . Their children – Mirjam and Henri – were rescued by the Dutch underground. Read the rescue story: .
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#OTD 16 October 1941 . A mother and her children before their execution in Lubny, Ukraine; 4,500 Jews from the area were murdered that day. Learn more about the beginning of the Final Solution:
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Judith and the rest of her family were sent to Bergen-Belsen. For hours, they stood in formation, day after day, in the snow and the bitter cold. Judith Sohlberg survived the Holocaust. Next week she will light a torch at Yad Vashem. Read her story:
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"In another week it will be your birthday. How I long to be with you, to kiss you and play with you…".These were Léo Cohn's last words to his 4-year-old son Ariel. #OTD 31 July 1944, Léo Cohn was deported on the last transport leaving Drancy for Auschwitz.
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The Jewish holiday of #Hanukkah starts tonight. Explore our online exhibit "Hanukkah: The Festival of Lights Before, During & After the Holocaust", which shares ways this holiday was observed throughout Europe through photos, artifacts & personal testimony.
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#OTD 9 September 1943, German forces landed in Zakinthos. Refusing Nazi orders to prepare a list of local Jews, Greek Orthodox Metropolitan Dimitrios Chrysostomos wrote his own name down and said: "Here is the list of Jews you require" . Learn more here:
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#PhotoFriday.In this photo, taken in February 1944, five-year-old Avraham Rosenthal (right) stands next to his two-year-old brother, Emanuel, in the Kovno Ghetto. Emanuel was born in the ghetto—a place where almost no children were born, as the Nazis had declared pregnancy
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Righteous Among the Nations Karolina Juszczykowska was executed #OTD 9 January 1945 for hiding two Jews in her home. The story of her life and of her hiding Jews was found in the police and trial records – no one survived to testify. This is her story:
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Irena Sendler risked her life to rescue Jewish children; she was arrested #OTD 20 October 1943. The exact number of children saved by #IrenaSendler and her partners is unknown. Learn more:
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Efim hid in a bunker for 9 months. He sat in almost complete darkness, distinguishing between day & night only by the faint light from a small airhole. Efim Gimelshtein survived the Holocaust. Tomorrow he will light a torch at Yad Vashem. Read his story:
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Benjamin Blankenstein was a Dutch village teacher who hid a Jewish family and paid with his life. He was arrested #OTD 5 June 1944 and later recognized as Righteous Among the Nations. This is his story:
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#OTD 20 May 1944, David and Perla Urbach and their two daughters, Rosa and Regine, were deported on transport no. 74 from Drancy to Auschwitz . Perla and Rosa survived .Regine’s fate is unknown .David was murdered on a death march . This is their story:
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#OTD 15 February 1939, Karolina Daniel & Lazar-Eliezer Kasorla married in Thessaloniki, Greece, surrounded by family and friends. Less than 5 years after the wedding, the bride, groom, and most of the wedding guests were murdered in Auschwitz. Learn more:
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#PhotoFriday.Survivors of the Buchenwald concentration camp arriving at Haifa port #OTD 15 July 1945
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Esther Frenkel and her two-year-old son, Richard, were arrested in Paris #OTD 17 July 1942, the 2nd day of the Vel d'Hiv round-up. After a few days of confinement, they were sent to the Pithiviers transit camp and later to Auschwitz. This is their story: .
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As a member of the Dutch underground, Samuel Horwitz arranged hiding places for Jew; he was arrested #OTD 28 December 1943 and was later murdered during a death march from Auschwitz. This is his story: . #SelfPortrait, Samuel Horwitz, 1934
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"If, per chance, I should be killed, would I not thereby bequeath to my students an example worth far more than all the teaching I could give?". #OTD 3 February 1944 the 3 Jewish boys that Father Jacques had hidden in his school were deported to Auschwitz.
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YV mourns the passing of Holocaust survivor Marta Weiss, z"l, who passed away today. It was important to Marta to tell her story so people would know about the atrocities she experienced during the Holocaust. Click here to learn about her story
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“Klara shared everything with us and did everything to save us.”. Paul (8) and Mirko (11) Deneberg were smuggled out of the Subotica ghetto #OTD 16 June 1944, Klara Baić took them into her home and hid them despite the danger. Learn more:
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“Klara shared everything with us and did everything to save us.”. Paul (8) and Mirko (11) Deneberg were smuggled out of the Subotica ghetto #OTD 16 June 1944, Klara Baić took them into her home and hid them despite the danger. Learn more:
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#OTD 9 September 1943, German forces landed in Zakinthos. Refusing Nazi orders to prepare a list of local Jews, Greek Orthodox Metropolitan Dimitrios Chrysostomos wrote his own name down and said: "Here is the list of Jews you require" . Learn more here:
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#OTD 20 May 1944, David and Perla Urbach and their two daughters, Rosa and Regine, were deported on transport no. 74 from Drancy to Auschwitz. Perla and Rosa survived.Regine’s fate is unknown.David was murdered on a death march. This is their story:
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#OTD ."Lots of kisses from your mother". 28 July 1943, Będzin. These words are from Berta Joschkowitz's #LastLetter to her daughter Rosi >> Berta, her husband Schlomo & their son Elieser were murdered in Auschwitz; Rosi and her sister Ruth survived
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#BringThemHome #StandWithAlex.Yad Vashem employee Liat Atzili and our friend Alex Dancyg, both members of Kibbutz Nir Oz, have been kidnapped and are being held by Hamas in Gaza. We are concerned for their welfare, and are praying for their safe return home
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"I believe that we have no right to deport our fellow citizens and that any Frenchman who becomes an accomplice to this infamy is a traitor" Toulouse Police Chief Jean Phillipe refused to submit a list of Jews to the Germans; he resigned #OTD 15 Jan 1943
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Irena Sendler risked her life to rescue Jewish children; she was arrested #OTD 20 October 1943. The exact number of children saved by #IrenaSendler and her partners is unknown. Learn more:
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#PhotoFriday. The children pictured were among the 44 children arrested during a Nazi raid & murdered in #Auschwitz in April 1944 (75 years ago tomorrow). More #photos are available here, in addition to the history, video testimony, and personal stories
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"I am writing this letter before my death, but I don't know the exact day that I and all my relatives will be killed, just because we are Jews. ".#OTD 16 June 1942. Read Fanya Barbakow's #LastLetter; she wrote it while in hiding in a bunker.
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Alfred Nakache was an Olympic Swimmer & French national swimming record holder. #OTD 26 Dec. 1943, Alfred, his wife Paule & daughter Annie, were taken from Toulouse to Drancy: a month later they were deported to Auschwitz. Only Alfred survived. More:
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Surrounded by dozens of relatives and friends, Zalman Jershow and Luba Pilschik got married #OTD 26 December 1937 in Zilupe, Latvia. Less than four years later, the bride, the groom & many of the wedding guests were murdered in the killing pits in Latvia.
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Rosa Feier & her son Fritz, 9, were deported from Vienna to Terezin #OTD 24 September 1942. 2 years later, Rosa hurriedly wrote these words down on a scrap of paper before she and Fritz were sent onward to Auschwitz. "I am leaving today. Wait for mail".
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#SaturdayNightArt .Artist Georges Horan depicted the arrival of a transport from the French camp of Pithiviers to Drancy in August 1942. The transport included many unaccompanied & terrified children whose parents had already been sent to #Auschwitz .
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Willy Tal received this #Hanukkah menorah as a Bar Mitzvah gift in Amsterdam in 1935. During the war, Willy worked as a nurse in the Jewish Hospital for the mentally ill. He refused to abandon his patients & was sent with them to Auschwitz and murdered.
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#HolocaustMemorialDay.Red army artist Zinovii Tolkatchev was among the liberators of #Auschwitz. He felt compelled to bear witness to both the joy of liberation and the horrors of the camp by drawing these scenes on the official Auschwitz camp stationary.
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"Love life, and don’t be afraid of death. Believe in God and a better future." . 16-year-old Bella Lassore was deported to Auschwitz #OTD 12 January 1943. Discover the album in which she wrote this dedication:
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#SaturdayNightArt.David Friedmann drew this portrait of athlete and youth leader Fredy Hirsh in Prague in 1941. Hirsh, who was born 11 February 1916, instilled human values & inspired Jewish pride in the children imprisoned in Terezin and Auschwitz.
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YV mourns the passing of Holocaust survivor Haim Roet, z"l. Haim initiated the name reading project, “Unto Every Person There is a Name” & championed the important topic of #JewsRescuingJews during the Shoah. May his memory be blessed. To learn more,
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#HMD2021.Dr. Adélaïde Hautval was a prisoner in Auschwitz who treated fellow inmates and refused to assist in the medical experiments. Discover her story:
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"The Last Goodbye, 1939" depicts Ernest Meyer's separation from his family during the #Kindertransport. #OTD 12 July 1942, his parents, Gustav and Johanna Meyer, were deported to #Auschwitz where they were murdered. Learn more:
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Jews gathered on the west bank of the Dniester River before their deportation to Transnistria #OTD 10 June 1942. Over 400,000 Jews in concentration camps & ghettos in Transnistria were shot to death, or perished there from starvation, hypothermia & disease
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Righteous Among the Nations Maria Kotarba worked as a courier with the Polish resistance before she was caught and deported to Auschwitz #OTD 6 January 1943; there she risked her life to smuggle medicines & food to Jewish prisoners. Learn more:
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Righteous Among the Nations Karolina Juszczykowska was executed #OTD 9 January 1945 for hiding two Jews in her home. The story of her life and of her hiding Jews was found in the police and trial records – no one survived to testify. This is her story:
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“I should like someone to remember that there once lived a person named David Berger.”.– David, in his last letter, Vilna 1941. Mark #HMD2022 and remember the millions of Holocaust victims like David, by joining our #IRemember Wall:
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Esther Frenkel and her two-year-old son, Richard, were arrested in Paris #OTD 17 July 1942, the 2nd day of the Vel d'Hiv round-up. After a few days of confinement, they were sent to the Pithiviers transit camp and later to Auschwitz. This is their story:
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#JewsRescuingJews.The children pictured below survived the Holocaust thanks to the efforts of Jewish resistance fighters Marianne Cohn & Mila Racine. The photo was taken #OTD 18 August 1944 in Annemasse, France. Learn more about Jews rescuing Jews here:
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These photos are of Anny Grossmann (nee Fishel) who was born in in Vienna, Austria, in 1899. Anny was deported in 1942 to the Terezin ghetto, and from there to the Sobibor death camp on 13 June 1942, where she was murdered. Learn more here:.
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#ArtifactOfTheWeek.Discover the story behind the iconic photograph of a #Hanukkah #menorah with Nazi flags flying in the background in 1932: "Death to Judah".So the flag says."Judah will live forever".So the light answers
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#OTD 11 September 1942. 5 weeks after having been torn from his mother’s arms, 2 year old Richard Frenkel was deported to #Auschwitz, on a wagon full of strangers. His parents had already been murdered in Auschwitz. Learn more about his family here:
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#PhotoFriday.The Jewish community of Szydłowiec ceased to exist #OTD 13 January 1943 when 5,000 Jews were deported to Treblinka. Learn about the history of the Szydłowiec community: These photos are of Jews who lived in Szydłowiec before the Holocaust
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Paul Grueninger, a Swiss border police commander, disobeyed orders issued #OTD 7 September 1938. He allowed Jewish refugees fleeing war-torn Europe to enter Switzerland and even bought winter clothes for needy refugees with his own money. Learn more:
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#OTD 11 September 1942.Five weeks after having been torn from his mother’s arms, two-year-old Richard Frenkel was deported to #Auschwitz, on a wagon full of strangers; his parents had already been murdered. Learn more about his family here:
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Isabella Fodor, of Romania, desperately searched for a way to save her daughter, Gita, from the Nazis. #OTD 3 May 1944, she wrote a letter to Mrs. Szomor, pleading with her to adopt Gita. Isabella was murdered in Auschwitz.Gita survived.Read more:
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#OTD 19 April 1943, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising began. "The will to resist has been sparked among thousands of men and women, elderly people and children. ". Learn about the events leading up to and culminating in the uprising & its aftermath, here:
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At dawn #OTD 16 July 1942, some 4,500 French policemen, acting for the German authorities, arrested over 11,000 foreign Jews living in Paris, imprisoning them in appalling conditions in the Vel’ d’Hiv. Most were later murdered in Auschwitz. Learn more:
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#OTD June 10, 1943 Rosette Bomblat was a 19-year-old activist in the "Amelot" organization, where she helped rescue Jewish children. She was arrested in 1943, & wrote this last letter to her family shortly before she was deported to Auschwitz. See more:
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Father Jacques risked his life to hide 3 Jewish boys in his boarding school in Avon, France. The boys were discovered, and #OTD 3 February 1944 deported to Auschwitz and murdered. Father Jacques was sent to Mauthausen, and died shortly after liberation.
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"Love life, and don’t be afraid of death. Believe in God and a better future." . Thus wrote 16-year-old Bella Lassore in her friend Ester Goldstein's album. #OTD 12 January 1943, Bella was deported to Auschwitz, where she was later murdered. Learn more:
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@CAFinUS In 2015, Yad Vashem recognized Master Sargent Roddie Edmonds as 'Righteous Among the Nations'. Read his story here >>
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#PhotoFriday.Pessi Fried of Munkács hid this photograph of her siblings Tsipi, Etty and Moshe Aharon between 2 slices of bread all throughout her time in Auschwitz & the camps. All 3 children in this photo were murdered in Auschwitz. Read the story here:
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#OTD 3 August 1944, approximately 2,500 Jews were deported from Athens on cattle cars, most of them from the island of Rhodes; this transport was the last deportation of Greek Jews. Sylvia Hasson and her family were among the deportees.
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Oskar Schindler was born #OTD 28 April 1908. Who was he? How did he save the lives of 1,200 Jews? . Discover his story:
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#OTD 6 December 1943 the Jewish women that Mother Sandra Busnelli had hidden in her convent were deported to #Auschwitz. Learn about the underground Florence Network to save Jews:
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#ArtifactOfTheWeek.“… it was terribly cold . when the German soldier looked the other way, I saw a sweater, I took it, and I was not shot.". András Brichta took this sweater from the clothing storehouse in Auschwitz-Birkenau after the Germans fled.
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#PhotoFriday.Sisters Donia (right) & Esther Sorger of Obertyn, Poland, hold a #lulav & #etrog and fruit from the Land of Israel during #Sukkot in the 1930s. Their toddler sister, Sonia, stands in between them, holding a miniature Torah scroll. See more:
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Today marks 78 years since the liberation of #Auschwitz-Birkenau. Explore our many resources related to the camp, including online exhibitions, artifacts, educational materials, video testimonies, and more >> #HolocaustMemorialDay | #HMD2023
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#ArtifactOfTheWeek.In Auschwitz, the Germans forced Meyer Hack to prepare the clothing of murdered Jews for distribution to new prisoners. When Meyer discovered personal items sewn into the clothes, he hid them as a memorial to their original owners.
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“On Sunday, we awoke early in the morning to the sound of tremendous chaos in the streets. Screams, shots in the air, cries of: "Jews, get outside!"…”. Haim Grinberg and his sons were murdered in the #Iași Pogrom of June 1941. Read the full story here:
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"My dear Rózsi, please take care and make sure that nothing happens to any of you". Jenő Rosenfeld wrote these words in his last postcard #OTD 10 July 1944. His wife Rózsi and their daughter Agnes survived in Budapest; Jenő perished
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"What happened exceeded our boldest dreams. The Germans ran twice from the ghetto".Mordechai Anielewicz. The theme for #YomHashoah 2023 is "Jewish Resistance during the Holocaust: Marking 80 Years since the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" . Learn more here:
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#OTD 11 June 1942 more than 600 Jews from were deported from Wiesbaden.There were no known survivors. Learn more:
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These photos are of Anny Grossmann (nee Fishel) who was born in in Vienna, Austria, in 1899. Anny was deported in 1942 to the Terezin ghetto, and from there to the Sobibor death camp on 13 June 1942, where she was murdered. Learn more here:.
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"Sometimes I can't believe I went through all this. Then I roll up my sleeve and look at the number on my arm, which proves to me that it did happen". Malka Rendel survived the Holocaust. Next week she will light a torch at Yad Vashem. Read her story:
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Righteous Among the Nations Karolina Juszczykowska was executed #OTD 9 January 1945 for hiding two Jews in her home. The story of her life and of her hiding Jews was found in the police and trial records – no one survived to testify. This is her story:
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The Avenue of the Righteous Among the Nations was dedicated on Holocaust Remembrance day, May 1, 1962. The first 11 trees were planted by rescuers from different countries & their Israeli hosts – the Jews they had rescued. Explore the fully story:
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#OTD.In the course of the "Sperre", from 1-12 September 1942 some 15,000 Jews from the Lodz ghetto were deported to the Chelmno extermination camp, about one third of them children under the age of 15. Learn more:
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"Dear Daddy – we are well – goodbye" .. Sisters Suzan and Lili wrote these words in the last postcard that they sent to their father, Hugó Klein. They were deported to Auschwitz #OTD 24 May 1944
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#OTD 9 August 1942.200 Jews escaped the Ghetto in Mir Belarus; they fled to the forests days before the planned liquidation of the ghetto. They had been warned by Oswald Rufeisen, a Jew with forged papers who was working for the Belarus police. Learn more:
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Jews at prayer on #YomKippur in Krakow, 1940. This photograph was taken during the prayer services of Yom Kippur, (11-12 October 1940), when the deportation of the Jews of Krakow to the surrounding towns was taking place. Learn more:
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#SaturdayNightArt .In June 1942, the Nazis transported Pavel Fantl, his mother, wife, & son to the Terezin ghetto. Fantl created over 80 works of art in Terezin, including this satirical portrait of a defeated, clownish Hitler.Learn more:
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Esther Frenkel and her two-year-old son, Richard, were arrested in Paris #OTD 17 July 1942, the 2nd day of the Vel d'Hiv round-up. After a few days of confinement, they were sent to the Pithiviers transit camp and later to Auschwitz. This is their story:
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"Schindler . came to the office of my firm #OTD 4 December 1939, well dressed, very German & radiating power.".Read more:
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Heinz Finke left Germany for England, alone on a #Kindertransport, #OTD 27 June 1939. Everything he owned was packed into two small suitcases, after mid-1942, he never heard from his family again. Discover his story here:
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Most of the Jews deported from Berlin to Theresienstadt #OTD 5 June 1942 were members of the Gruppe Baum - a resistence group that had attacked an antisemitic & anti-Communist propaganda exhibition curated by Goebbels. Memorial for the Gruppe Baum, Berlin
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Chaim Akerman was born in Sosnowiec, Poland to a Jewish family. In October 1941 he was deported from Katowice to Auschwitz where he was murdered. His death was recorded #OTD 18 December 1941, just two days after his 18th birthday. May his memory be a blessing.
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#WHF2020JLM.US @VP Michael R. Pence is addressing the distinguished delegations from countries across Europe, North America and beyond at the #WorldHolocaustForum. Watch it live:
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The names of 4.8 million Jews murdered in the Holocaust have been found; every name has been printed in the #BookOfNames. The Book of Names will be inaugurated at the @UN tomorrow.Watch it here:
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#ArtifactoftheWeek.15-year-old Heinz Finke left Germany for England, alone on a #Kindertransport, in June 1939. Everything he owned was packed into two small suitcases. After mid-1942, he never heard from his family again. Discover his story here:
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#OTD."Lots of kisses from your mother".28 July 1943, Będzin. These words are from Berta Joschkowitz's #LastLetter to her daughter Rosi >> Berta, her husband Schlomo & their son Elieser were murdered in Auschwitz; Rosi and her sister Ruth survived
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#OTD 14 May 1941 the first major roundup of Parisian Jews of foreign nationality took place . Jewish men between the ages of 18 and 40 were summoned using a green postcard, for which this wave of arrests became known as the “billet vert” . Learn more:
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View this #photo of a #Hanukkah #Menorah from the Posner home in Kiel, Germany, 1932. It is pictured against the backdrop of the #Nazi flags flying from the building across the street. See more Hanukkah artifacts from the #Holocaust here
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Until his arrest #OTD 23 October 1941 Bernhard Lichtenberg prayed daily for the Jews, from his pulpit in St Hedwig's Cathedral. Learn more about his anti-Nazi stance and his continued protests against the persecution of the Jews:
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Yad Vashem mourns the loss of Holocaust survivor Rabbi Efraim Mol, Z"l. Rabbi Mol was scheduled to recite the El Maleh Rahamim, the Jewish prayer for the souls of the martyrs, at the #YomHashoah ceremony last week
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#OTD 7 June 1942, the last Jews remaining in Trzebinia were deported to Auschwitz. Learn more about the Jewish community of Trzebinia before, during, and, after the Holocaust in our online exhibition "19 km from Auschwitz: the Story of Trzebinia" >>
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