Karthik Shekhar
@shekharlab
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Assistant Professor, UC Berkeley (CBE and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute)
Berkeley, CA
Joined May 2019
Honored to receive the Faculty Award for excellence in Postdoctoral mentoring from UC Berkeley, and share it with my friend and colleague Kranthi Mandadapu
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Updated how pyramidal neurons impact specific interneuron subtypes. Turns out spontaneous activity, Wnt signaling in Parvalbumin Interneurons and integrin-signaling in Somatostatin neurons are the culprits! Also see how optimal transport tracks identity. https://t.co/6WpvRBZnkV
biorxiv.org
The mammalian cerebral cortex comprises a complex neuronal network that maintains a precise balance between excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons. Accumulating evidence indicates...
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New preprint! https://t.co/Hq9zv86GwN Joint work with Joshua Fernandes, Hyeongjoo Row and Kranthi Mandadapu!
arxiv.org
Electrochemical phenomena in biology often unfold in confined geometries where micrometer- to millimeter-scale domains coexist with nanometer-scale interfacial diffuse charge layers. We analyze a...
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Happy to see this finally out after a four year effort!
A @NeuroCellPress paper led by Kushal @UCBerkeley, Nicole&Victoria @UCSF in full collaboration with @shekharlab, Molecular and spatial analysis of ganglion cells on retinal flatmounts identifies perivascular neurons resilient to glaucoma https://t.co/QjeNMbQwWZ
#retina #MERFISH
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This study was conducted by Jafar Farhadi, @shekharlab, Kranthi Mandadapu, and colleagues at @UCBerkeley.
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The ON/OFF dichotomy is fundamental to visual processing. In a new study led by Flori Soto, we identify a conserved molecular mechanism establishing the OFF pathway. https://t.co/is4NEvc0ME
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of ionic reorganization near biological membrane interfaces, Hyeongjoo Row, Joshua B. Fernandes, Kranthi K. Mandadapu, and Karthik Shekhar #Biophysics
https://t.co/AdEiaNfXID
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New preprint! 🔥A wonderful collaboration of our @FellerMarla lab with Matthew Po, and @shekharlab. Here, we dive into the impact of activity on the transcriptome of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the sole output neurons of the retina. 1/12 https://t.co/C3nWOzwNTO
biorxiv.org
In the early stages of retinal development, a form of correlated activity known as retinal waves causes periodic depolarizations of immature retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Retinal waves are crucial...
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Full credit to my student Alhad Deshpande (co-advised by Kranthi) for composing this thread, in addition to leading this work. I am merely the medium! (14/14)
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Finally, we hope that this work inspires experimentation of viscodiffusive fluids and the exploration of other cross-coupled odd transport phenomena, in both active and passive systems. (13/14)
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Finally, we also argue that odd viscodiffusion is fully consistent with the Curie symmetry principle as originally formulated by P. Curie (1894). (12/14) https://t.co/6MEKzkoxWH
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Moreover, we’re able to identify chiral bacterial solutions as viscodiffusive fluids, and reinterpret previous microfluidic experiments ( https://t.co/zSdILsLtly ) under the lens of odd transport phenomena! (11/14)
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Odd viscodiffusive fluids can demonstrate some cool behavior! We can construct a “chiral generator” that induces a solute current through mechanical rotation and a reciprocal “chiral engine” that generates mechanical motion when maintaining a concentration gradient. (10/14)
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In the case of passive viscodiffusive fluids, the FH allows us to develop a reciprocal relation (à la Onsager!), unifying viscodiffusive transport under one coefficient! (9/14)
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The FH enabled us to derive Green-Kubo relations that show how viscodiffusion arises in chiral fluids in 3D. Remarkably, unlike the case of odd diffusion and odd viscosity, these fluids may be either passive or active! Thus, all chiral fluids are viscodiffusive! (8/14)
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This is where we used the Flux Hypothesis, an extension of the Onsager Regression Hypothesis, proposed recently by Alhad, Cory, Ahmad Omar and Kranthi ( https://t.co/CQeOvJypWN) - to understand the microscopic origins of viscodiffusion. (7/14)
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Through the lens of representation theorems, we show that these “viscodiffusive” couplings are strictly odd! Classically, these have been neglected through misinterpretations of the famed Curie Symmetry Principle. But when do these couplings appear? (6/14)
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But it has long been appreciated that fluxes can arise from any driving force present (e.g. Dufor and Soret effects). We reasoned that mass fluxes may arise from velocity gradients and mechanical stresses may arise from concentration gradients, which we term “viscodiffusion.”
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In 3D isotropic systems, the diffusion and viscosity tensors have no odd contributions! How then can 3D odd transport then come about? (4/14)
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Odd transport phenomena couple fluxes to spatially orthogonal driving forces. Previous studies of isotropic odd transport, such as odd diffusion and odd viscosity, have largely involved 2D systems that are both chiral and active (driven). But what about 3D systems? (3/14)
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