History Of Parliament
@HistParl
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Creating a comprehensive account of parliamentary politics in England, then the UK, from the thirteenth century to the present day.
London, UK
Joined October 2012
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Pinned Tweet
#ICYMI
, over the next few weeks
#HistParl
is following a different
#GeneralElection
campaign...
We're delving into the intricacies of elections in the 18th century with daily blogs and videos in our
#GeorgianElectionsProject
. Make sure to follow us to avoid missing out!
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#otd
in 1910 Barbara Castle was born. As Transport Minister she introduced breathalysers & seatbelts. As Secretary of State for Employment she introduced the Equal Pay Act 1970 when women of the Dagenham Ford Plant went on strike to get equal pay to their male colleagues.
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Today's
#LocalHistoryMonth
constituency is
#CountyDurham
. Except under the commonwealth, the 1st MPs for
#Durham
weren't returned until 1675. One, Thomas Vane, then died from smallpox just 4 days after the election.
@dumuseums
More here:
🗺️1611
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The 1790 Treason Act abolished burning at the stake as the penalty for women found guilty of committing treason. It was replaced with drawing & hanging.
The Act wasn’t repealed until 1998 when the death penalty for all acts of treason and piracy were abolished.
#Twitterstorians
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It's the end of an era here at
#HistParl
as we say goodbye to our incredible director,
@pseaward1
, whose support, humour and encyclopaedic knowledge of the history of parliament will be greatly missed. We wish him luck and look forward to seeing his new projects come to fruition!
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#OTD
1918 The Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act gained royal assent.
It remains the shortest UK statute, at 27 operative words:
`A woman shall not be disqualified by sex or marriage for being elected to or sitting or voting as a Member of the Commons House of Parliament.'
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The last person to be sentenced to death for witchcraft was Jane Wenham in 1712. Sir John Powell, MP for Gloucester in 1685 (not during the trial), was the sceptical judge at her trial. When she was accused of flying he replied that there was no law against it! 🧹
#HappyHalloween
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#MPMonday
is Baroness Betty Boothroyd.
MP for West Bromwich & West Bromwich West 1973-2000, in April 1992 Boothroyd was selected to become the first female Speaker of the House of Commons. Given a life peerage in 2001, Boothroyd now sits as a crossbench Peer.
#WomensHistoryMonth
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We at the History of Parliament are sad to hear of the passing of Betty Boothroyd, the first female Speaker of the House of Commons. In 2013, we interviewed Baroness Boothroyd for the
#HistParl
#OralHistory
project, which will soon be available via
@BL_OralHistory
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John Stuart Mill died
#otd
1873. As the MP for Westminster from 1865-8, he campaigned for women’s rights & in 1866 introduced the 1st mass women’s suffrage petition to the
@HouseofCommons
. It was brought to Parliament by Emily Davis & Elizabeth Garrett.
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#OTD
1992 Betty Boothroyd became the first woman to be elected Speaker of the House of Commons.
Formerly MP for West Bromwich and West Bromwich West 1973-2000, Boothroyd was given a life peerage in 2001.
#WomensHistory
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What a hero!
Update: thanks to this hero, our entrance is water free and we are open to readers and visitors again. Seminars will proceed as normal this evening!
#IHRflood
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We’re delighted to announce the appointment of a new director for the History of Parliament.
Jennifer Davey from
@UEA_History
will take over from
@pseaward1
in December. We look forward to welcoming her to the History! Find out more👇
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What did a meeting of the English Parliament look like 500 years ago? The earliest-known image of a state opening offers important clues, but also requires careful interpretation, as Dr Paul Hunneyball explains...
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On Tuesday evening we were delighted to celebrate the recent publication of our Commons 1422-1461 and Lords 1604-1629 volumes with a reception in Parliament.
Our thanks to
#HistParl
chair
@LordNortonLouth
for presenting
@CommonsSpeaker
with a copy of the volumes.
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Next week marks the centenary of the election of the 1st woman to take her seat in the Commons, Nancy Astor. But this wasn't the beginning of women's parliamentary history...
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The History of Parliament are delighted to announce the publication of our Commons 1422-1461 volumes. Edited by Dr Linda Clark, the volumes cover 2,844 known MPs and 144 constituencies from reign of Henry VI.
More information can be found here:
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We’re honoured to be a part of the celebration of the naming of the Nancy Astor train
@GWRHelp
on the anniversary of Nancy’s election, who was the the 1st MP to take her seat in Parliament.
@LadyAstor100
we’re on the way to Plymouth for the unveiling 🚅
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OTD 1834, the majority of the Palace of Westminster was destroyed by fire, caused by the burning of tally sticks (medieval tax receipts) in the furnaces below
@UKHouseofLords
. Only a small number of rooms, incl. Westminster Hall, survived.
Read more 👉
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Jan 1649 witnessed the trial of Charles I who stood accused of being a tyrant, traitor, murderer & public enemy of the commonwealth, according to contemporary press. Over the next couple of weeks we'll share accounts from the
#CITrial
which preceded the King's execution on 30 Jan
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New blog from Dr Andrew Barclay📣
#OTD
1649 Charles I was executed. One of the men who signed his death warrant, Richard Ingoldsby, later claimed that Oliver Cromwell had forced him to sign it. Is this fact? Or was he trying to save his own neck...
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#OTD
1998, the Belfast/Good Friday Agreement was signed. One of the crucial figures in this process was the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland: Mo Mowlam. Find out about Mowlam's career and the impact she had on the peace process👇
#OralHistory
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In 2003, this portrait was commissioned. Abbott decided that the portrait would show no evidence of clothing. She was aware that it would hang among portraits of white male MPs wearing suits and hoped it would disrupt these traditional images.
#BlackHistoryMonth
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#OTD
1918 Constance Markievicz was the first woman to be elected as an MP. She was a member of Sinn Fein and was in prison at the time of her election. Although she never took her seat, her election was still a historic moment for women's political history.
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#OTD
in 1819 at St Peter's Field in Manchester 18 people were killed and hundreds were injured by government troops whilst peacefully gathering to protest their lack of representation in Parliament. The Press dubbed the massacre
#Peterloo
#Peterloo2019
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#MPMonday
is Chris Smith, Labour MP for Islington South and Finsbury 1983-2005, former cabinet minister, and the first MP to choose to publicly come out.
#LGBTHM23
#LGBTplusHM
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‘I am an immense believer in bed’
#otd
in 1908 Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, known as CB, died. He was the 1st person to officially be called ‘Prime Minister’ and held that position and Father of the House at the same time. He is the only former PM to die in 10 Downing Street.
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#OTD
1559, Elizabeth I was crowned Queen of England. The Tudor monarch would rule for 45 years. 👑
But what did the Elizabethan House of Lords looks like? This is the question Dr Paul Hunneyball from our Lords 1558-1603 project asked in this blog👇
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200 years ago the Cotton Mills & Factories Act 1819 was passed, which said that no child under 9 could be employed in cotton mills. It also said that children under 16 could work for a maximum of 12 hours a day. It was difficult to enforce because there were no set inspections.
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#OTD
The Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 1918 gained royal assent. It remains the shortest UK statute, which runs to 27 words: `A woman shall not be disqualified by sex or marriage from being elected to or sitting or voting as a Member of the Commons House of Parliament.'
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Henry Marten was 1 of the 59 commissioners to sign the death warrant of Charles I. He was part of the Council of State. At the restoration he was sent to internal exile at Chepstow Castle for 12 years. He was MP for Berkshire twice & died
#otd
in 1680 having choked on his supper.
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#OTD
1653 musketeers from Oliver Cromwell's own regiment entered the House of Commons chamber, forcibly dissolving the Rump Parliament.
However, that Cromwell said in his accompanying speech ‘In the name of God, go!’ is now questioned by historians.
#Twitterstorians
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1/
#OTD
1688 William of Orange received a letter from 7 English nobles, asking him to place military pressure on James II to name the king's daughter Mary (William's wife) his heir.
This letter would eventually lead to the
#GloriousRevolution
and William & Mary taking the throne.
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🚨 Job Alert 🚨
We're recruiting a Public Engagement Assistant!
Are you a graduate with excellent communication skills & an interest in political & public history?
Head over to our website where you'll find the job description & application details 👉
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We are so pleased to announce the publication of The House of Commons 1640-1660!🍾
Our largest project to date, this 9 volume set is the result of over 30 years of research from our
#HistParl
colleagues.
Happy
#PublicationDay
!
Published today! More than 8600 pages, 1800 biographies and 30 years in the making... The History of Parliament's "The House of Commons 1640-1660"
@HistParl
@MuseumCromwell
#EnglishCivilWar
#BritishCivilWars
#UKParliament
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Well isn’t this exciting!
So here she is
@ladyastorstatue
- she looks amazing, just a few more tweaks to go to the work in progress model (Hayley speak!) before silicon moulding begins on Monday!!
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Many people are using Twitter to record their time in
#selfisolation
, but back in the 1640s MP Sir Simonds D'Ewes had to do it the old-fashioned way - he wrote a diary in Latin to record the fate of a city in the midst of an epidemic.
Read about it here:
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#DYK
universities used to elect their own MPs?
James I & VI introduced university
#constituencies
in 1604. He gave two seats each to
@UniofOxford
&
@Cambridge_Uni
. At their abolition in 1950, 12 university seats existed.
Read about Oxford's 1st MPs👇
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Parliament has been
#prorogued
. Unclear what this means or whether it has precedent? Follow this thread to learn more about prorogation from the medieval to the modern 👇 1/4🧵
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The History of Parliament joins the nation and the world in mourning Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, and in gratitude for her remarkable lifetime of service.
We offer our deepest sympathies to the Royal Family at this sad time.
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(1/3) Edward Colston was MP for Bristol,1710-13. From 1680 he was heavily involved in the slave trade, from which he made the bulk of his fortune. By 1682 he was using profits from the slave trade for money-lending, incl. to the government & the Bristol Corporation.
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Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was born
#otd
1836. She was the 1st female mayor in Britain & one of the 1st women elected to a school board. See
@KathrynRix
' s blog to learn more about how she & other women were involved in politics pre-1918: http:/bit.ly/2zY3JqR
#WomensHistory
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1/ “If you are cold, tea will warm you; if you are too heated, it will cool you; If you are depressed, it will cheer you; If you are excited, it will calm you.”
🗨️ Four-time Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone, 1865
#NationalTeaDay
☕
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📣Our House of Commons, 1640-1660 volumes will be published this summer.
To celebrate this,
#HistParl
has started a blog series for the 1640-60 period🥳
Find out more about our publication and some of the intriguing people and stories we've found👇
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The clerks of the Commons in the 17th century have often been depicted as people who simply recorded the events of the Commons. However, as Dr Stephen Roberts explains, there is a lot more to the role of a clerk...
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#OTD
1812 Prime Minister Spencer Perceval was assassinated.
Perceval was elected MP for Northampton in 1796, becoming PM in 1809. He was shot by John Bellingham as he entered the lobby of the House of Commons.
Read Perceval's bio in our 1790-1820 vols:
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#OTD
1649 the death warrant of Charles I was signed after the king was found guilty on 27 January 1649 - look out for our blog about one of the signatories tomorrow.
#HistParl
#CharlesI
#twitterstorians
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Calling all potential PhD students 📣
We're teaming up with The Open University to offer a Collaborative Doctoral Award in 2020/2021!
The project is ‘The Black and Mixed Ethnicity Presence in British Politics, 1750-1850’.
Further details here 👉
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In 1867 Lily Maxwell made history.
50 years before partial female enfranchisement, Maxwell became the first known woman to vote in a parliamentary contest since the franchise was officially limited to men in 1832.
Read about her vote via
@TheVictCommons
:
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We are pleased to announce the publication of our latest volumes, House of Lords 1604-1629!
With over 280 biographies and a groundbreaking survey, this publication explores the often overlooked early Stuart House of Lords.
@cambUP_History
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#OTD
1992, the Conservative party won the general election, allowing John Major to continue as Prime Minister. His party received the highest number of votes ever seen in the history of British general elections: around 14.1million.
@CommonsLibrary
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This week is the anniversary of the fire in 1834 that burned down much of the Palace of Westminster. To commemorate this we will be tweeting about parliamentary buildings & thinking about how it has shaped politics throughout history.
@UKParliament
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#otd
1913 suffragette Emily Davison died from injuries sustained after her collision with the King's horse at the Epsom Derby.
Have a look at
@UKParlArchives
’ page for documents relating to Emily, including a trial report:
#womenshistory
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We have an exciting PhD studentship opportunity! We’re partnering with
@OpenUniversity
for a Collaborative Doctoral Award on ‘The Black and Mixed Ethnicity Presence in British Politics, 1750-1850’. For further details, see our website:
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Born
#OTD
1868, Constance Markievicz. In 1918 she became the first woman elected to the House of Commons but, per Sinn Féin policy, never took her seat.
But was she actually even eligible for the benches?
@satisfactory20
explores over on our blog...👇
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#OTD
1941, Parliament was bombed during the Blitz. Efforts were placed into saving the 13th c. Westminster Hall, sacrificing the Commons Chamber. The bomb damaged entry arch can still be seen as members enter the chamber today.
@UKParliament
:
#WW2
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In the 18th c., Britain’s towns were congested with private carriages, carts, and hackney coaches. Gridlock became a hot topic in Parliament, and efforts were taken to keep congestion in London to a minimum...
@GeorgianLords
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#OTD
1215 the Magna Carta was sealed at Runnymede. ‘For the first time it placed the executive under the rule of law and explicitly limited the Crown’s capacity to raise revenue’.
Read more about the legacy of
#MagnaCarta
in
@bl_magnacarta
’s blog 👇
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#MPMonday
is Thomas More. He refused to swear the Oath of Supremacy that made Henry VIII Head of the Church of England. He argued it was ‘directly repugnant to the laws of God & his holy Church’ & contrary to the laws of England exemplified in Magna Carta
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Archbishop William Laud was a principal advisor to Charles I and an advocate of a more Catholic-style Church of England.
This blog explores Laud's private diary and its suggestions of a hidden sexual identity.
@LGBTHM
#LGBTplusHM
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We've got a brand new blog for you this morning- and some of it might seem a rather familiar...
Dr Vivienne Larminie from our Commons 1640-1660 project looks at the isolation measures parliament put in place in an attempt to control plague in the 1640s.👇
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#OTD
1641 Thomas Wentworth was executed.
He entered Parliament as MP for Yorkshire in 1614 & from 1632-40 was Lord Deputy of Ireland. After he defended himself against impeachment charges, Parliament passed a bill of attainder to ensure he was executed.
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The Parliament & Peterloo exhibition, featuring images of newly discovered eye witness accounts from the protesters at St Peter’s Field, is now open.
🏰 Westminster Hall
@UKParliament
🗓️ until 26 September
💷 Free
#Peterloo2019
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🚨Civil War Event🚨 23 Feb📅
In collab with
@UkNatArchives
, we will take a look at Britain’s most tumultuous years: the Civil Wars. The event includes a talk on the Long Parliament, a display of original documents, and an informal question session. 🎟️👇
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On 3 April 1721 Robert Walpole became first lord of the treasury, & would soon become known as the first ever 'Prime Minister'.
To mark the occasion Dr Robin Eagles took a look at the position of the Walpole family within in Westminster. 👇
@GeorgianLords
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Scandal, Sex and the “Westminster bubble” in the mid-17th century - our latest blog from the James I to Restoration team, ‘Sex in the Long Parliament’ is available here:
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The Married Woman’s Property Act 1870 gave women the right to keep property they inherited and their own wages. In was altered in 1882 to allow married women control over all their belongings. It was used as an argument for giving women the vote.
#WomensRights
#WomensHistoryMonth
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Our History of Parliament Annual Lecture has just started.
@LordNortonLouth
is introducing Professor Chris Given-Wilson who will present 'Parliament, Politics & Pandemics in Later Medieval England'. If you aren't able to make it follow this thread 👇
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Today is the official launch of the Letters of Richard Cobden Online. This resource contains a searchable collection of digital transcripts of Cobden's letters and a virtual exhibition of the originals.
@s_jmorgan
explains more👇
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17
29
We may not be able to mark
#BonfireNight
in the usual manner this year, but we can still 'remember remember' the events leading up to Nov 5 1605...
In this blog 👇 Dr Ben Coates explores the warning letter sent to a Catholic peer that foiled the plot.
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#OTD
1924 Ramsay MacDonald became the first Labour Party Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Opposition to Labour’s handling of relations with the Soviet Union, however, forced the ministry to resign after just ten months. He later returned to office in 1929.
@LabourHistory
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9
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In May 1923, King George V received Andrew Bonar Law's resignation letter. Bonar Law was too ill to advise on the choice of his successor; it fell to George V to select a new PM. Lord Lexden discusses the process behind George V's decision👇
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During
#LocalHistoryMonth
we're taking a closer look at one
#constituency
in particular:
#Exeter
. Throughout May
#HistParl
's researchers will be blogging about the borough during different periods.
@DevonHeritage
Today's focus= Medieval Exeter! 👇
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We are pleased to announce the publication of our latest volumes, House of Lords 1604-1629! With over 280 biographies and a groundbreaking survey, this publication explores the often overlooked early Stuart House of Lords.
@cambUP_History
1
12
27
CFP out for our 'Century of women MPs' conference,Sep 2018 w/
@UKVote100
@HelenGlew
@UniWestminster
#twitterstorians
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#otd
1215 the Magna Carta was sealed at Runnymede. ‘For the 1st time it placed the executive under the rule of law & explicitly limited the Crown’s capacity to raise revenue’.
More about its legacy in
@bl_magnacarta
’s blog.
#HistParl
0
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#otd
in 1867 John Stuart Mill proposed to change the word ‘man’ to ‘person’ in the Second Reform Act to give women the right to vote. It wasn’t successful & was defeated by 75 votes to 196. Read his speech in Hansard:
#womenshistory
#twitterstorians
1
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It is the first day of December, and we finally get to open the first door of our Prime Minister advent calendar. The PM behind door number one is the only PM to have been assassinated while holding office... Yes, it is Spencer Perceval!
#Advent
#Christmas
🎄
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#OTD
1666 the Great Fire of London began. According to an entry in the Commons Journal dating 18 Sep, due to the 'calamity by fire' King Charles II postponed the date of the State Opening to later in the month. See the entry via
@UKParlArchives
:
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