Aggelos Kiayias
@sol3gga
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Chair in Cyber Security and Privacy, University of Edinburgh, UK and Chief Scientist, IOG
Edinburgh, UK
Joined May 2012
if you were involved in any way in the Cardano constitution process or you are active in Cardano governance take some time to participate in this important research at the University of Edinburgh by completing this survey
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Dear member of the Cardano Community, I hope this finds you well. My name is Lamprini Georgiou and I am currently working on my PhD at the School of Law of the University of Edinburgh focusing on...
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our new edinburgh decentralization index dashboard is live featuring the decentralization compass, a way to visualize the decentralization of different blockchains. Soon to be presented by @_LadyChristina_ at SBC 25 live stream
youtube.com
The conference focuses on technical innovations in the blockchain ecosystem, and brings together researchers and practioners working in the space. We aim to ...
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Looking forward to SBC in august 4-7 if you are in the Berkeley / SF area join to hear about the evolving art of consensus and the edinburgh decentralization index as well as all the exciting talks in this year's program.
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RT @InputOutputHK: Members of the Input | Output research team are looking forward to co-hosting a tutorial during WINE ‘24 at @InfAtEd tha….
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RT @InputOutputHK: 🎤 Join us today for an X Space hosted by @IntersectMBO, IO CEO @IOHK_Charles, & IO chief scientist @sol3gga. Discuss the….
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we have come to a point where we need to codify our basic rights when we engage with IT systems. This will help create the right incentives for systems to uphold them. Here is a first take, the 11 blockchain tenets
iohk.io
An IOHK blog post by Prof Aggelos Kiayias
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(3/3) The EDI aims to measure the decentralization of blockchain systems in a first principles manner . Currently we have alpha releases of Consensus and Tokenomics but there is more to come! see arXiv:2211.01291.
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(2/3) The tokenomics layer comes with. a number of clustering tools that are applied to make the results more meaningful. Moreover we will soon add more on chain heuristics that cluster UTXOs from the same wallet together - useful for Bitcoin type ledgers.
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(1/3) Decentralization can only be measured taking into account multiple different layers of a blockchain system. I am very happy to share that we just released the alpha version of the tokenomics layer of EDI, see.
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15/ But counting independent pool operators is only a first step in our journey of decentralization measurement. There is a lot more coming up – refer to our systematization paper for a glimpse.Thanks for all the valuable feedback and comments so far!.
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14/ In summary, the importance of having many independent pool operators cannot be understated for the purposes of decentralization. A pool with one protocol key and a hundred members cannot be counted the same as 100 independent protocol keys.
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13/ (To see the complexity of the problem, even the mere action of a stake pool member changing their choice is something that can be censored if a “cartel” of stake pools decides to remain in power; read this for more info on this problem).
arxiv.org
Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchain systems, especially those that allow stakeholders to organize themselves in ``stake-pools'', have emerged as a compelling paradigm for the deployment of large scale...
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12/ In terms of counting pool members this is crucial given the members’ weaker position in the protocol stack and the type of tools and protocol support that may be available to them from system to system.
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11/ Future releases of EDI, after we conduct the research needed, will incorporate aspects such as no. of pool members, total stake pledged / locked etc. But this will require in-depth investigation on how to weigh such features in terms of how they contribute to decentralization.
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10// In all cases, the EDI project is committed to a transparent, thoroughly researched, first principles and open-source approach for measuring decentralization, that we hope you will also be able to contribute to.
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9/ Also even if pool members realize that there is a problem (after some damage has been done already!), they may not have many meaningful alternative options. For all these reasons, the EDI alpha version focuses on how many independent pools are active in the system.
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8/ There is plenty of anecdotal evidence that pool members’ reaction time to on-chain events is quite slow — for off-chain events it may be even worse.
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7/ Yes, but only at a secondary level. To begin with, the continuous process of choosing the best operators is a slow one that requires awareness of potential problems and their impact, while attacks can be instant, damaging and even hard to detect.
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6/ maintain their own independent protocol state (mempool), which means they can choose what input (transactions) will be contributed to the protocol. So does the number of members in a pool matter?.
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