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💊Hydroxyurea is an oral antimetabolite primarily used for:.- chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).- sickle cell anemia & .- essential thrombocythemia.🦴reduce sickle cell crises by boosting fetal hemoglobin (HbF).- Common side effects are myelosuppression, GI upset, and skin ulcers.

💊Tranexamic Acid (TXA) – Key Facts. - Competitive plasminogen inhibitor → prevents fibrin clot breakdown (antifibrinolytic).- Used in Postpartum hemorrhage, Heavy menstrual bleeding & Hereditary angioedema.- Thromboembolism risk (use cautiously in DVT/PE history)

💊 Nebivolol's Unique Features 💊. - β₁-Selective with vasodilatory effect.- Neutral effects on glucose/lipids.- May improve endothelial dysfunction. 📍 Combines β₁-blockade + NO-mediated vasodilation → preferred in HTN, especially in metabolic syndrome. #MedTwitter #MedEd

💊 Ethambutol is known to cause optic neuritis (leading to blurred vision, color blindness, or vision loss) as a dose-dependent side effect. 💊 Patients on ethambutol should undergo baseline and periodic vision monitoring. #Pharmacology #MedEd #USMLE #MedTwitter #Ethambutol

🎯Levofloxacin injection should be administered for adult and pediatric patients by slow IV infusion over 60 minutes (250 to 500 mg) and over 90 minutes (for 750 mg). 🚨 Due to an increased RISK of HYPOTENSION, bolus or rapid IV administration should be avoided.

🎯 PPIs may diminish the therapeutic effect of CLOPIDOGREL, do not use OMEPrazole and ESOMEPrazole while taking clopidogrel. 🪀 inhibit enzyme CYP2C19 ---> converts clopidogrel into active form (antiplatelet effect). 🧊 RABEprazole or PANToprazole have less risk.

💊 CaptoPRIL Clinical Pearls 💊. - ACE-inhibitor drug.- angioedema (rare side effect).- short half-life (2 hours) & typically requires dosing 2–3 times daily.- cause hyperkalemia.- teratogenic : avoid in pregnancy.- used in captopril renal scans. #captopril #HTN #clinicalpearl

💊 𝗡𝗶𝗮𝗰𝗶𝗻’𝘀 𝗜𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗰𝘁 𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗶𝗽𝗶𝗱𝘀 💊.✅ Niacin + HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) → ⬇️ LDL (additive effect). ✅ Niacin + Omega-3 Fatty Acids → ⬇️ Triglycerides (synergistic reduction). ✅ Niacin Alone → ⬆️ HDL (best pharmacologic HDL booster)

🍩 PPIs are acid-activated prodrugs metabolized by CYP2C19. 🪀 Metabolic variations affect efficacy: Asians & the elderly often have higher BA, requiring lower doses. 👀 Understanding their metabolism helps tailor dosing for optimal effectiveness across different populations.

💊 Amiodarone high iodine content disrupts thyroid function, cause hypo or hyperthyroidism. 🕯️ It also blocks T4��T3 conversion & has direct thyroid cell toxicity. Due to long half-life, thyroid dysfunction can develop months after starting therapy. 🧿 Monitor TSH regularly.

💊 DOXYCYCLINE is the only tetracycline antibiotic that can be safely used in patients with kidney failure because it is primarily EXCRETED via the gastrointestinal tract" (not the kidneys). #tetracycline #antibiotics #pharmacology #ClinicalPearl

💡 Prednisolone Dispersible Tablet Advantages 💡. ✅Dispersible prednisolone tablets dissolve quickly in water/saliva, offering:.- Faster absorption .- Easier administration. ✅ Clinical Uses:.- Acute asthma attacks.- Chemotherapy-induced nausea.- Post-surgical inflammation

⚠️ Combining prednisolone & fluoroquinolones raises risk of tendonitis/rupture, especially in elderly, renal-impaired, or physically active patients. 💡 Corticosteroids amplify fluoroquinolone-induced collagen damage in tendons. Monitor for tendon pain/swelling during use.

🚨 Main patient counseling points for (SIiver Sulfadiazine) FLAMAZINE CREAM:. - discard cream after 7 days of opening.- don't use in pregnant and neonates.- may cause leukopenia on long term use .- only use for deep wounds not for superficial wounds

🔎A 22-year-old traveler from "SOUTH ASIA" presents with fever, headache, and rose spots. Blood cultures grow SALMONELLA Typhi. 🎯 What is the FIRST-LINE antibiotic in areas without resistance?. #typhoid #salmonella #pharmacology #MedQuiz #ClinicalPearsl.

💎 𝗣𝗶𝗼𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘇𝗼𝗻𝗲 𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘀💎 . 💊Pioglitazone belongs to 𝙏𝙝𝙞𝙖𝙯𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙙𝙞𝙣𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨 (𝙏𝙕𝘿) 𝙘𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙨 is a PPAR-γ agonist, which 𝙚𝙣𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙨𝙪𝙡𝙞𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙞𝙩𝙮 in peripheral tissues (muscle, adipose) and mildly

💎 𝗛𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗵𝗼𝗶𝗱𝘀 (𝗣𝗶𝗹𝗲𝘀) 𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗹𝘀 💎. 📍 Piles = 𝗛𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗵𝗼𝗶𝗱𝘀 → swollen rectal veins, internal or external. 📍𝗧𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀: internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids. 🔢 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗵𝗼𝗶𝗱𝘀:

💊 𝗗𝗿𝘂𝗴𝘀 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗹𝘆 𝗔𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗧𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗴𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗶𝗰𝗰𝘂𝗽𝘀 💊. 🔎 𝗛𝗶𝗰𝗰𝘂𝗽𝘀 (𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝘀) result from sudden involuntary diaphragmatic contractions followed by closure of the glottis. Though usually benign, persistent hiccups

🤰 𝑮𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝑫𝒊𝒂𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒔: 𝑾𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒓? 🤰. ✅ Insulin is the preferred antihyperglycemic medication for pharmacotherapy of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) because of its well-established safety and efficacy. ⚠️ What is better oral.

💊 𝗗𝗼𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗴𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗔𝗠𝗢𝗫𝗜𝗖𝗜𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗡 𝗶𝗻 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗻 𝗰𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝘀𝗰𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗼𝘀 💊. ✅ Amoxicillin is a 𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗻-𝘁𝘆𝗽𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗯𝗶𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗰 used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It is a broad-spectrum semisynthetic