You may have heard of electrons, neutrons and protons. Neutrinos, or "ghost particles," are even smaller, with no charge, very little mass and have long stumped physicists. Mayly Sanchez (@FSUPhysics) is one of four liaisons who coordinated neutrino-centered research between

However, if the neutrino mass ordering is found to be inverted, the results published today provide evidence that neutrinos violate CP symmetry, potentially explaining why the universe is dominated by matter instead of antimatter.

The combined results of NOvA and T2K do not favor either mass ordering. If future results show the neutrino mass ordering mass ordering is normal, NOvA’s and T2K’s results are less clear on CP symmetry, requiring additional data to clarify.

This provides one more way to tell the difference between the effects of CP violation and the mass ordering.

NOvA and T2K both measure the appearance probabilities with different baselines and energies. This means the size of the effect of the mass ordering, in particular, is different between the two experiments.

All of these affect the magnitude and energy dependence of the muon neutrino->electron neutrino appearance oscillation probability, and could affect electron neutrino appearance probability in antineutrinos differently.

There are three remaining unknowns in the neutrino oscillation puzzle: the mass ordering, whether CP is violated – ie whether neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently, and the octant of the 23 mixing angle.

Both experiments compare data recorded in each detector to learn about neutrinos’ behavior and properties. The experiments are complementary and provide the power to break degeneracies.

T2K and NOvA are both long-baseline experiments: they each shoot an intense beam of neutrinos that passes through both a near detector close to the neutrino source and a far detector hundreds of miles away.

We recently combined forces with our friends on the T2K experiment to jointly analyse our data. This initial joint analysis provides some of the most precise neutrino-oscillation measurements in the field. It was published today in Nature. Publication: https://t.co/A4CKjuB5fe

We additionally had some great plenary talks from NOvA Spokesperson Patricia Vahle (William & Mary) and Analysis Coordinator Linda Cremonesi (Queen Mary University of London)

Travis Olson (University of Houston) gave a talk on NOvA’s cross-section measurements:

Tyler Horoho (University of Virginia) talked about NOvA’s non-oscillation BSM programme:

Alex Booth (Queen Mary University of London) presented on NOvA’s machine learning tools we use for our reconstruction:

Adam Lister (University of Wisconsin - Madison) gave a talk on NOvA’s searches for Beyond Standard Model physics using neutrino oscillations:

Thiago Bezerra (University of Sussex) talked about NOvA’s latest three-flavour neutrino oscillation analysis:

Emerson Bannister (University of Sussex) presented on NOvA’s Test Beam programme:

Last week we were spreading nus at the University of Sussex for #WIN2025. We covered a bunch of topics --- 📸: Linda Cremonesi, Adam Lister, Josephine Long

Last week we had an awesome time at UW-Madison for our collaboration meeting. We were very lucky to be in the Dairy State on National Cheese Day 🧀. Physics + cheese curds, what more could you want? 📸 Sarah Perdue (UW-Madison Physics)

Energy and momentum transfer are the variables that model builders for the 2p2h process present their work in, and the measurement finds a tension between the measured data and currently available models in GENIE.