13/13 Our thanks as ever to the many cohort and GWAS participants and investigators. Co-authors include @Deborah_J_T @DanielJohnWells @SaskiaSelzam @MartaFutema @gil_mcvean @VincentPlagnol @genemodeller @genomicsEngland @Genomicsplc.

12/13 The UK Biobank PRS Release provides a resource for research into the biological and clinical implications of inherited risk in this world-leading cohort. Version 2 - and future updates - will enable researchers to benefit from the latest advances in polygenic risk scores.

11/13 Some PRS effect sizes are also sex-specific, e.g. age-related macular degeneration, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease and venous thromboembolism.

10/13 Also, PRS effect sizes tend to be stronger in younger people (40-49yo vs 60-69yo), perhaps because environmental effects are more cumulative with age.

9/13 As noted by others, people with high PRS have equivalent risk to carriers of rare pathogenic mutations, but they represent a much bigger fraction of the population (up to x29 for coronary artery disease (CAD) PRS vs familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) mutation carriers).

8/13 …but if non-European ancestries have higher disease incidence (e.g. type 2 diabetes for South Asian ancestry, panel B), PRS can still be a bigger determinant of absolute risk than it is in European ancestry (panel A).

7/13 As others have found, there is a drop-off in performance in non-European ancestries. The odds ratio per SD of PRS in diseases reduced on average by 9.4%, 14.0% and 27.5% in South Asian, East Asian and African ancestries respectively.

6/13 The PRS algorithms have similar performance in the 100,000 Genomes Project, demonstrating external validity. (A) Enhanced Set; (B) Standard Set.

5/13 Our PRSs (black dots) perform very well compared to other published PRSs.

4/13 Two PRS sets are provided: a Standard Set on all UK Biobank (UKB) individuals; and an Enhanced Set (with added UKB training data) on UKB Testing individuals only. Researchers can use these PRSs to investigate relationships with other clinical and biological data in UKB.

3/13 The UK Biobank PRS Release v2 contains high-performing PRSs for 28 diseases and 25 QTs (UKB Showcase . An Evaluation Tool enables equitable performance comparisons with other PRSs within a multi-ancestry testing subgroup (.

2/13 Since its original release in 2022, the UK Biobank PRS Release has been used in >100 published studies (, reflecting its value to the scientific community as a source of high quality PRSs for many traits.

1/13 Our evaluation of the UK Biobank Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) Release (Version 2, May 2024) is now out in @plosone (, with @Genomicsplc @uk_biobank @genomicsEngland. The traditional tweetorial/Xorial follows….

RT @Genomicsplc: 📈Breaking barriers in healthcare! Check out @GenomeWeb's interview with @seamusharrison showcasing the power of genetic r….

Proud to have been involved in this important study from Genomics plc.

#RAHChristmas RAH RAH violin, a performance never dialled in!.

RT @Genomicsplc: We're thrilled to provide the polygenic risk scores for the @ukfuturehealth programme. Together, we will transform the way….

RT @Genomicsplc: We are thrilled to announce our partnership with @ukfuturehealth, using polygenic risk scores to find new ways to prevent,….

RT @cathrynlewis: 75% of my PhD students and many of my post docs work outside academia. In industry, third sector, biotech. I’m proud of….

RT @Genomicsplc: How can you measure and compare the performance of different #polygenicriskscores, and why is it important? More on our re….