I had the honour to defend my PhD thesis on the
#hashd
's quest for legitimacy in front of two brilliant examiners
@GRVStansfield
and
@fanarhaddad
- thank you for making this rite of passage such an enriching experience! And thank you
@ShirazMaher
for bringing out the best in me!
Huge congratulations to Dr
@inna_veleva
who just defended her brilliant PhD thesis on the Hashd. Many thanks to
@GRVStansfield
&
@fanarhaddad
for their careful and thoughtful examination of the work. 🎉🎊🥳
It was a pleasure to present yesterday my research findings on
#Iraq
's Popular Mobilisation Forces
#PMF
at the
@oxfordMec
seminar series
@StAntsCollege
- I am grateful for the wonderful and engaged audience and look forward to further discussions on the topic!
Almost 6 years after
#Mosul
's liberation from the terror reign of the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS) organisation - how does a city recover after urbicide?
Here are some reflections from my
@XCEPT_Research
fieldwork with my colleagues
@irisharab7
and
@rajanbasra
: a short 🧵
Sunni Arabs have joined the
#PMU
for a myriad of motivational factors. A variety of forces have produced loyalties that override sectarian or tribal identities. My
@TCFdotorg
report on Sunni participation in the
#hashd
and the hazards following the assassination of al-Muhandis.
Iraq's Popular Mobilization Units (PMUs) are often referred to as Shia forces. But Sunnis make up a meaningful portion of the groups, an intentional effort at diversity from Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, who was killed in early January.
New from
@inna_veleva
:
A cowardly political assassination. I had the honor to know
@hushamalhashimi
He was a brilliant scholar, a generous friend, and a beautiful soul. He was shot by a spineless gunman commissioned to silence his voice of truth and reason. His legacy lives on!
It has been a pleasure to contribute to the
@ecfr
project GUNS AND
#GOVERNANCE
mapping non-state armed actors in
#MENA
. My piece analyses the power dynamics between the
#PMF
state-sanctioned body and the factions of the Islamic
#resistance
in
#Iraq
focusing on Kata'ib Hezbollah.
EU efforts in
#Iraq
should vert towards addressing the structural governance deficiencies exploited by groups such as Kataib Hizbullah, rather than mimicking the US in treating most PMF affiliates as Iranian proxies
Ready
@inna_veleva
's full essay here:
Following the speech of
#Hezbollah
SG
#Nasrallah
, the Iraqi Kata'ib Hezbollah resistance faction issue a direct threat to
@SecBlinken
warning that he is not welcome in Iraq.
What does this mean for the Islamic resistance in Iraq and the state-sanctioned
#PMF
#hashd
umbrella?🧵
🌟 Curious about the intricate dynamics of Iraq's Islamic Resistance and how it relates to the
#PMF
's strategy of state institutionalisation?
Join me in this🧵as we unravel the unique factors shaping the landscape of Islamic resistance in Iraq.
#Iraq
#Resistance
#hashd
In an interview with
@AdilAbdAlMahdi
on the challenges facing
#Iraq
's next government, we discussed measures for breaking the cycle between corruption, clientelism and dysfunctionality. Perhaps best put in his words - the task ahead remains “a marathon, and not a 100-metres race”
Tomorrow I have the pleasure to present at
@UniofOxford
@ex_legi
seminar series - join us for a discussion on
#Iraq
's Popular Mobilization Units, their path to legal recognition and their relation with the state! thank you
@ZoraHauser
and
@federico_varese
for the opportunity 👇
Tune in! This Friday, 29 May 3-4 PM (UK time)
@inna_veleva
will present her work about the Iraqi Popular Mobilisation Units (PMU) and their relationship with the Iraqi State.
Follow the link to join the meeting:
Iraq's
#PMF
strongly condemn the retaliatory
#US
strikes on facilities of
#hashd
affiliated brigades in al-Qa'im. 16 have been reported killed in the attacks and 36 injured, including civilian casualties.
What does this mean for the
#Iran
-aligned Islamic resistance in Iraq? 🧵
My
@FPRI
study on Iraq's
#PMU
post
#Muhandis
stressed how
#hashd
al-marji'i units have been threatening to withdraw over concerns of growing favouritism. A split-off will make it harder for the wala'i camp to draw legitimacy from the popular role of protector of the holy shrines.
Yesterday PMF Chairman Faleh Fayyadh delivered a speech launching the first project of the
#hashd
led
#muhandis
state company aimed at planting a million palm trees in Muthanna . The event was attended by Chief of Staff Abu Fadak and the company's director engineer Salah Mahdi.
Taking a trip down memory lane and discussing with my dear friends
@DanielGerlach1
and
@inga_kris
how we ended up as neo-Mustashriqoon and what are the challenges and hidden treasures of researching and reporting on the Middle East with love and rigor! ⬇️
It's a pleasure to contribute to this
@ispionline
dossier! Focusing on the US-Iraq Strategic Dialogue, I discuss the challenges before the PM working to rein in rogue militants without risking an ill-timed escalation with PMU affiliates embedded within the state’s infrastructure.
أناقش في هذا المقال 'غياب الدولة' في المسلسلات الرمضانية اللبنانية وأشرح إمكاناتها في تشكيل الصورة الشعبية عن العدالة الاجتماعية وفي جعل الممارسات غير القانونية أمرا عاديا.
@AlMajallaAR
لبنان... مسلسلات "غياب الدولة" وانتقام الشارع من منظومة الفساد
مقال إنّا رودولف
على الرغم من رفض الكثيرين للمسلسلات الدرامية التلفزيونية بوصفها ترفيها سطحيا، فإن هذا المقال يتفحص على نحو نقدي إمكاناتها في تشكيل الصورة الشعبية عن العدالة الاجتماعية وفي جعل الممارسات غير…
The Iraqi militia commander from Kata'ib Imam Ali - Abu Azrael also known as the Angel of Death threatens openly Israel's seawater desalination plants among which Ashkelon, Palmachim, Hadera, Sorek as an intended act of revenge for his Palestinian brothers.
It is a great honor to join the distinguished circle of
@NewlinesInst
as Nonresident Fellow at the Human Security Unit! I look forward to contributing to the nuanced research on statehood and paramilitarism in the MENA alongside critical voices such as
@faysalitani
@aelghossain
Really excited to welcome
@inna_veleva
as Nonresident Fellow at
@NewlinesInst
's Human Security unit. Dr. Rudolf brings both broad and deep expertise on non-state actors and MENA. Really she just knows a ton of things and is a great colleague. Welcome!
20 years after the
#Iraq
invasion - how can the scars heal?
In the
#TheConversationWeekly
, I discuss the insights from our
@XCEPT_Research
on the contested narratives of victimhood, longing and belonging.
How will the decades of conflict be remembered and what will be erased?
On March 19 2003, the US led an unlawful invasion into Iraq:
In
#TheConversationWeekly
podcast
@sanamurrani
&
@inna_veleva
examine the impact the invasion and following conflict have had on the lives of Iraqis:
A sober discussion on
#Iraq
's foreign policy
@CH_MENAP
Iraq conference.
@farhad965
challenging posts linking
@SecBlinken
's trip to
#Baghdad
with PM Sudani's previously planned trip to
#Tehran
. Clear articulation of Iraq's vision as a key player shedding the image of a messenger.
It has been a pleasure to provide my perspective to
@Le_Figaro
in this coverage of the security challenges facing Iraq and the role of paramilitary forces in the latest round of escalations.
Aujourd'hui dans
@Le_Figaro
, mon [Reportage] entre
#Bagdad
, Bassorah et Samarra avec des chefs de la milice Kataeb Sayyid al-
#Shuhada
et
#Asa
ïb Ahl al-Haq qui ne rêvent que d'une chose : ''venger
#Soleimani
et Muhandis.''
Avec
@Sharrock_Chloe
📸 dans un camp militaire d'Asaïb.
It was a pleasure to join the
@AlMonitor
podcast with
#Iran
analyst
@HamidRezaAz
and discuss with the brilliant
@amberinzaman
#Iraq
's Islamic Resistance and the geopolitical repercussions of the last attack on the
#US
military outpost in northeast Jordan near the Syrian border.
JUST IN 📌🎧🎙🎤Does Iran control Shiite militias that are attacking US forces in Iraq and Syria? Two leading experts
@HamidRezaAz
&
@inna_veleva
weigh in - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East
How can
#Mosul
build back better?
How can heritage preservation projects help heal the scars of the
#urbicide
inflicted on the city by
#IS
?
In this video I offer some reflections from my field research conducted in🇮🇶with
@irisharab7
and
@rajanbasra
🧵
When paramilitaries break bad, their formal state sponsors are forced to revisit the choice of allies. Endorsing vigilantes & PMCs comes with strings attached. Yet ruling elites continue to resort to extra-institutional helpers to do their bidding or claim plausible deniability.
If you've exhausted Netflix, this
#Ramadan
the
#PMF
YouTube channel launched their own TVseries Bullet Diaries exhibiting a heroic pathos and some quite epic frames. For those with interest in the aesthetics of non-kinetic power #مذكرات_الرصاص
#hashdrama
Sobering evidence revealing wide-spread feelings of entitlement to public sector employment and the paradox inclination of authorities to "give in" with eyes wide shut to the fiscal unsustainability of their patronage calculus
@aalmawlawi
@ProfTobyDodge
@aliamoub
@LSEMiddleEast
The
#Hiwaraat
Conference Series at GU-Q brings together scholars, experts, and the public for an exploration of shared global challenges in order to create a better future through dialogue and discussion. Each conference in the series offers an inclusive space that encourages…
Evidence based research remains the one critical tool allowing us to avoid the stigmatisation of
#salafi
communities and debunk myths around homegrown terrorism as
@PeterRNeumann
emphasizes at
@KAS_Lebanon
conference on militant
#islamism
and
#jihadism
Make sure not to miss mia amica geniale
@ZoraHauser
who will share with us her insights into the calabrian
#Mafia
expansion strategy -
#ndrangheta
's road to Germany this Friday, May 22, 3-4 pm CET
@ex_legi
A farewell to
@hushamalhashimi
who did not let himself be silenced by political machinations and who never feared to reveal the uncomfortable facts hidden behind the curtains:
Hisham al-Hashimi, der vorgestern in Bagdad erschossen wurde, war sachlich und empathisch. Keiner, der andere in Schubladen wie "pro-westlich" oder "pro-iranisch" steckte. Unsere Freundin
@inna_veleva
@Candid_Fd
schreibt, was wir ihm nun schuldig sind.
Further cementing the hybrid status of the Popular
#Mobilisation
, the new cabinet decides to adjust the salaries of
#hashd
fighters in accordance to those of members of
#Iraq
's armed forces, thereby decreasing
#PMF
's incentives to accept other less lucrative
#integration
paths
A critical analysis by Dr. Kadhem Habib of the arrest of
#hashd
commander Qassem Musleh. Habib condemns the show of force by militant units demonstrating their leverage over the judicial process and warns of the risks of turning Iraq into a 'cartoon' state
#WagnerGroup
leader
#Prigozhin
threatening retaliatory action against
#Russia
's Ministry of Defense. Prigozhin's telegram channels claim that the measures are not to be considered an armed coup but a "march of justice" meant to hold accountable the formal military leadership. 🧵
It was a pleasure to dissect the nuances of Sunni participation in the
#PMF
with
@SimonaFoltyn
. We discussed the challenges for
#Iraq
's tribal forces and looked at the power dynamics within the paramilitary body. Don't miss her first-hand report from Salah ad Din for
@AJEnglish
!
The Sunni PMF in Mkesheefeh lost 9 men in the latest
#ISIL
attacks. They r 1st line of defense against an ISIL stronghold across the river, but their outpost has no thermal cameras, no generator, no heavy equipment.
Our report from Mkesheefeh:
Join us today at 12:00-1:30 pm for an event & the release of our Track II Dialogue report, “Implementing a way forward in
#Iraq
”.
With Amb. Ramon Blecua, Amb. Rend Al-Rahim, Dr. Maria Fantappe, Dr. Laith Kubba, Dr. Inna Rudolf, Dr. C. Anthony Pfaff & me.
In the midst of Israel's Gaza bombardment and speculations about interventions from pro-Iranian resistance factions, Iraq's
#PMF
#hashd
held an emergency meeting declaring a state of maximum alertness for all fighters ready to 'defend Iraq's sovereignty and its national borders.'
Less than 24 hours after
#Abadi
's decision to fire the National Security Adviser and Chairman of
#Iraq
's Popular Mobilisation Units
#PMU
, leaders of the
#Nasr
coalition have reportedly nominated Faleh al-Fayyad to head the Council of Ministers
#SumariaNews
The Iraqi
#resistance
seems committed to defending the benefits of the Silk Road project - in his speech on the occasion of Muharram Asa'ib Ahl Al Haqq leader Qais Al-
#Khazali
accuses the US and British diplomatic missions of having obstructed
#Iraq
's controversial
#China
deal.
In the critical pre-election period of shifting alliances, the plurality of perspectives on
#statehood
within the
#PMU
leadership deserves further attention.
@niqash
tackles the implications and fears of the
#militias
' socio-political ascendancy in
#Iraq
#Iraq
's Prime Minister Adil Abdul Mahdi is reportedly seeking to postpone the vote on the candidates for the highly contested
#ministry
of
#interior
and ministry of
#defence
, taking his time for the final call on the controversial nominees.
In 2016
#Iraq
incorporated the
#PMF
into the state's security apparatus. I talked to
@AJEnglish
about the strategic vision pursued by Al-
#Muhandis
as well as the fluctuating power dynamics within the organisation - more here ⤵
Under the motto 'post-US era' the Shi'a resistance channel
@sabreenS11
celebrates the signing of the
#Saudi
-
#Iran
deal in
#Beijing
stressing a message to the
#US
:
#China
is not just an economic force but can also play mediator between West Asian countries
Instead of lamenting over the
#sectarianisation
of metastasizing
#militancy
, the article illuminates the root causes of
#Iraq
's eroding public authority: chronic resource
#mismanagement
, misappropriation of funds, intransparent defence spending, and state-sanctioned
#clientelism
مقالتي الجديدة.. ألعراق: أما لليل ان ينجلي؟
اتحدث عن الترويكا المزمنة في #العراق الجديد: الفساد والمحاصصة الطائفية وتردي الخدمات، وما بينهم كثير. ألله يكون في عونك يا #عراق.
In February, my colleague Ela Khaled and I discussed the symbolism of the
#Sadrists
' entry in the
#Iraqi
parliament. And even though what we witnessed yesterday was a different type of 'entry,' the politics and the narratives of
#victimhood
and
#martyrdom
remain ever so topical
Back in February, Ela Khaled and Senior Research Fellow
@inna_veleva
co-authored an
@XCEPT_Research
Insight on 'The Iraqi Politics of Memory and Victimhood'. You can read it here:
After Kata'ib
#Hezbollah
vowed to temporarily halt attacks against US forces in order to "prevent embarrassment to the Iraqi government" another faction from the "Islamic Resistance in Iraq" under the label the True Promise legion threaten continuation of military operations. 🧵
The preferred scenario for these actors remains to preserve their beneficial affiliation with the state-sanctioned
#hashd
paramilitary, while boosting their resistance credentials as independent factions that are not obliged to abide by government guidelines.
Prominent lesders of
#Iraq
's Islamic Resistance condemn the killing of al-Nujaba veteran commander Abu Taqwa in a US forces airstrike targetting positions of the
#hashd
affiliated militia in Baghdad. Abu Taqwa served as the deputy commander of the
#PMF
Baghdad Belt Operations.🧵
Time to deliver: Re-branded as a compromise candidate,
#Iraq
’s new Prime Minister
@AdilAbdAlMahdi
has made a bold entrance, issuing a number of unorthodox policy proposals. But will his nomination trigger a sustained momentum before the euphory fades away?
Aware of resistance hardliners' criticism and insistence on a more tangible commitment, Nasrallah did his best to win more time, framing his reluctance to escalate as an ultimatum.
I enjoyed presenting the insights from our
@XCEPT_Research
field-trip to Nineveh at the German parliament. While the long-term engagement by international actors can prove game-changing, coordination with Iraqi authorities and local practitioners still needs to be improved.🧵
Therefore, the responsibility to contain their operations continues to lie with the Iraqi Prime Minister, who seeks to perform a tough balancing act of appeasing the advocates of the Islamic resistance without antagonizing Iraq's American allies.
Well-timed wake-up call to to the international community whose eyes wide shut tend to oversee
#Hezbollah
's politics of legitimacy - only this time at the expense of involuntary repatriated
#Syrian
refugees and to the benefit of
#Assad
regime betting on diplomatic endoresement
Hezbollah wants to take the lead in repatriating Refugees to Syria in order to increase its popularity and use it as leverage to further advance its political dominance in Lebanon.
Reading between the lines, we can identify also an effort to mobilize a more unified regional response. Nasrallah was consciously appealing to Arab decision-makers outside the so-called resistance axis, highlighting the repercussions for Jordan's and Egypt's national interests.
The speech reveals Hezbollah's lack of appetite to drag Lebanon in an all-out war. And yet, in view of the group's learning curve and ambitions, we should not dismiss Nasrallah's warning that any Lebanese civilian casualties caused by Israel would trigger a proportionate response
Following the designation by the
#US
Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control
#OFAC
, Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada leader - Abu Alaa al-Walai declares that he is proud of having his name on the American sanctions list along with his camerades from Kata'ib Hezbollah.🧵
The bloodshed in
#Syria
has left neither victor nor vanquished. Breaking free from an abusive status quo, representatives of its most influential Alawite and Sunni
#tribes
and members of Christian and Druze minorities announce an authentic code of conduct
After short-lived attempts at a slightly modified rhetoric,
#OFAC
designated leader Qais al-
#Khazali
is likely to witness the crowning of his Asa'ib Ahl al-Haqq as a foreign terrorist organisation. I wonder how
#Pompeo
is to target AAH-fathered
#PMU
-registered birgades 41,42,43.
A compelling read now available in Arabic - in "History of an Idea"
@ShirazMaher
critically explores the intellectual development of
#Salafi
#Jihadi
thought illuminating the roots of the
#extremist
creed
Regardless of
#Sadr
's virtuosity in mobilising his grassroots base, his consecutive bluffs risk alienating the
#Iraqi
street which may grow weary of the cleric’s adventurist take on the deadlocked political process. With fresh insights from
@NNaeem16
@Benrobinz
and
@MikeFleet23
Dr
@inna_veleva
of the
@Candid_Fd
argues, that none of the competitors in Iraq seem to acknowledge the drastically diminishing trust in the electoral process due to their power game.
Special thanks to
@NancyEzzeddine
for this! Fadhil Al-Rubaiee's Blood and Honey maps the mutation of state violence into a state of violence. The chapter interrogating forms of state penetration offers some important insights into
#Badr
's trajectory and its role in
#Iraq
's MoI.
With mounting pressure
@Mu_AlSadr
signals intent to disband his blue hats, declaring support for peaceful protestors. What excatly his "legal and national duty" might entail remains to be seen once the investigation into the bloodshed on Sadrin square is completed. القبعات_الزرق#
.
@TobyMatthiesen
's THE CALIPH AND THE IMAM is out now from
@OUPAcademic
and has been receiving amazing reviews.
@KirkusReviews
call it 'a lucid explanation of Islamic history' and
@PublishersWkly
say 'this is destined to become a standard text in the field.'
Thanks
@zorahauser
for this alert from 'on the ground': the fractured security market and competition over state resources pose a threat to the $30 billion bonanza - will the investment injections unlock Huxley's Island scenario?
Armed groups in northern Maputo seem to be using religion for radicalisation and opposition to the state, when in fact their aim is to create instability in the region to enable their illicit business - via
@inna_veleva
#Hezbollah
SG
#Nasrallah
:
"All options are on the table"
Nasrallah is selling Hezbollah's cautious maneuvers along the border as a strategic contribution with a psychological impact on
#Israel
.
A symbolic speech addressed at those accusing the movement of not going all in.
The popular tactic of outsourcing resistance operations to less known facade groups and claiming plausible deniability may no longer prove as sustainable. The
#PMF
's declaration of 'full alertness' should be read as an attempt to buy time while agreeing on a face-saving strategy.
Mocking Sadr's call for peaceful demonstrations and echoing the threats by Kata'ib Hezbollah security official Abu Ali al-Askari, Ashab al-Kahf - one of the most radical offshoots of the muqawama resistance factions - vouch to escalate with attacks on the US embassy and US bases.
Heute war endlich die neue
@zenith_online
in der Post. Unter anderem mit einem Porträt der libanesischen Innenministerin, einer Geschichte über einen syrischen Scheich mit vielen Feinden und einem Interview zum Comeback der Kommunisten im Irak. Lohnt sich!
We are hoping to generate a powerful critique of ‘state’ debates in the MENA region today and present a multidisciplinary set of frameworks for better understanding how states have changed since 2010...
@renadmansour
call for cautious optimism
@LSEMiddleEast
talk on the drivers of conflict in
#Iraq
following
@ProfTobyDodge
sobering account on the challenges of uprooting the highly instrumental
#muhassasa
ta'ifiya patronage system and preventing capitalisation on moral populism
Head of the
#PMF
Commission Faleh al-Fayyadh announcing the 'abolition' of
#hashd
offices across provinces stressing the intended compliance with the orders of
#Iraq
's Prime Minister
@AdilAbdAlMahdi
In the
@routledgebooks
Handbook of Proxy Wars by
@assafmoghadam
@VladimirRauta
@wyss_m
- I discuss the contradictions within the Iran-aligned
#PMF
camp and highlight the implications of transnational resistance for Iraq's fragmented sovereignty and its contested chain of command.
Following speculations over
@SecPompeo
surprise visit to
#Baghdad
,
@shafaaq
news quotes
#Fatah
politician and
#Hashd
affiliate Mouin Al-Kazmi: "Violating
#Iraq
's sovereignty and the rights of its neighbours makes the targeting of US positions more likely"
Interviewed by
@hushamalhashimi
#PMU
Vice Chairman denies allegations of manufactured missiles being targeted at Saudi Arabia. Rejecting parallels to
#Lebanon
's
#Hezbollah
, he stresses the state character of the paramilitary body, taking its orders from
#Iraq
's Commander-in-chief
Discussing the challenges of
#Iraq
's
#PMU
integration within the central state apparatus and the
#hashd
bargaining position with regards to security sector reform at
#DAVO
international congress
Hassan
#Nasrallah
, Secretary General of Lebanon’s
#Hezbollah
applauds the 'interventions' of Iraqi and Yemeni resistance groups in the current conflict, which he labels a sacred fight. The rhetoric is meant to project a united religiously grounded transnational
#muqawama
front.