In the 1920s, the Russian émigré Serge Voronoff gained fame by grafting monkey testicular tissue into elderly men to restore their strength and potency. In the 1930s, thousands of men received this rejuvenation treatment, and Voronoff became known as the “monkey gland man.”

Felix Hoffmann received credit for developing aspirin, but it was his chief, Arthur Eichengrün, at the Bayer Co., who in 1897 directed him to work on this. He received no credit for it, and in 1944, was interned by the Nazis at the Theresienstadt concentration camp.

DEADLINE: Hektoen Horizons' #Scholarship #Contest Ends October 14 at 12 PM (noon) CST. Up to three community college students will win between $3,000–5,000 in tuition support—will you be one of them?

Loyal E. Davis, legendary neurosurgeon and father of First Lady Nancy Reagan, reigned supreme for more than 30 years as chief of surgery at Northwestern University in Chicago. He retired in 1963, but stories about him continued to persist as lively subjects of conversation at

Arthur Hugh Clough (1819-1861): The Latest Decalogue Thou shalt have one God only; who Would tax himself to worship two? God's image nowhere shalt thou see, Save haply in the currency: Swear not at all; since for thy curse Thine enemy is not the worse:

In July 1893, President Grover Cleveland underwent, in secret on a yacht, the successful removal of a tumor of the jaw and its replacement by a prosthesis. The tumor did not recur, and the President died in 1906 from a heart attack. https://t.co/pXxv4t3YFs. #GroverCleveland.

“Mozart was not poisoned, and the ridiculous assertions about his poisoning should be laid to rest once and for all." So concluded Dr. Peter J. Davies in two seminal articles on Mozart’s illnesses and death. Mozart died of natural causes. https://t.co/WX65MmRYK4 [Image: Mozart

During his so-called “black period,” Francisco Goya created a series of paintings that depict witches and individuals with mental or physical disabilities. In the “Witches’ Sabbath” (1819-1823), the facial expression of most of the characters strongly suggests mental suffering.

Ideally, surgery is done in controlled environments. But in emergencies, routine may be set aside to save a life. This is the case in these historic appendectomies, performed in various situations, including aboard a submarine and in a rural home in the Philippines.

Ernest Hemingway experienced many medical mishaps before his death by suicide. This included everything from accidents to the effects of alcoholism. But is it possible that hereditary hemochromatosis contributed to his health issues? https://t.co/JZBmb1tUns .

Learn in our Fall issue about royals, their times, and their ailments. Whether king, queen, or commoner, illness touched all, from Louis XIV to Catherine the Great. Also featured are the lives of greats of English literature. Read the full issue at https://t.co/CDyHgzbtQh.

During the influenza epidemic, wearing a mask was considered a patriotic duty. In October 1918, the SF Chronicle ran a public announcement telling readers that “The man or woman or child who will not wear a mask now is a dangerous slacker.” https://t.co/bJzfK88dKr .

In order to deter a flirtatious student, the ancient Greek philosopher Hypatia revealed where she was in her menstrual cycle. He was both shocked and shamed. How has this attitude of shame impacted reproductive health through history? https://t.co/zvxEEW3DRv.

Lord David Owen described the Hubris Syndrome as an acquired personality disorder of heads of state who became insufferable from being intoxicated by the power of their office, becoming domineering, autocratic, messianic, often irrational, and impulsive. It means arrogance,

Abraham Lincoln seems to have had a full-blown case of smallpox, symptoms beginning one day before his famous Gettysburg address on November 19, 1863. His rash appeared on Nov 21, his fever decreased on Nov 27, and his full recovery was about a week later. https://t.co/5crRg538FC

Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South is a novel of contrasts, a juxtaposition of people and philosophies. The north is represented by the “smoky, dirty” industrial town of Milton, and the south by the idyllic Hampshire village of Helstone, with its “fresh and open air”

In 1571, at the age of 38, French Renaissance philosopher Michel de Montaigne retired from public life and “servitude at the court” to spend in his château “what little remains of his life, now more than half had run out.” https://t.co/ghQ6QyeXWk

For 500 years, society has unfairly blackened the name of Lucrezia Borgia. Living when girls could be disposed of at their parents’ whim, she was a child-bride at 11, contracted to be married 5 times, had 10 pregnancies, and died from puerperal fever at 39.

The COVID-19 Monument Poetry contest winners are in! Now it's YOUR turn—submit a poem to join our global pantheon of voices. Follow us for updates & inspiration. Please do not forget to honor a loved one or essential worker in our Virtual Memory Garden https://t.co/tBPSU631jl.

The general consensus is that Oliver Cromwell died from malaria, common at the time in northern Europe. Some historians, however, think he died from an overwhelming infection from urinary tract obstruction by kidney or bladder stones. https://t.co/lMWIzUQTwD