The size of a country's economy is measured by its gross domestic product (GDP)—the monetary value of everything produced in the country, or everything consumed, invested and exported. India's economy is now the fifth largest in the world, and projected to become the third

According to the United Nations, an international migrant is someone who has moved across an international border and changed their usual place of residence, typically living in the new country continuously for at least 12 months. India has the world's largest emigrant

With over 1.4 billion people, India is the most populous country in the world. But since the 1980s, India's population growth has been gradually slowing down. By the early 2060s, population growth is expected to turn negative and India will begin to have fewer people every year.

The share of textile and apparel within India’s manufacturing sector has grown significantly, powered to a large extent by women workers. One economic activity within these sectors in particular has seen a sharp rise - custom tailoring. In 2005, there were less than 4 million

Manufacturing activity in India takes place in two broad ways: organised manufacturing that happens in factories, and unorganised manufacturing which is typically at a small scale and family-run. There are 20 million unorganised manufacturing establishments in India as of 2024.

As a result of these three demographic trajectories, India’s states are moving in somewhat divergent directions, driving conflict over resource allocation and political representation. To understand the impact of trajectories, and their implications for the Indian Union, read the

3 – Low Inter-State Migration Alongside fertility and mortality, the movement of people is another factor that affects the size of the population. In the developed world, as birth rates fall, the immigration of working-age adults into the country is seen as an important factor

2 – Changes in Mortality Despite doing better on health indicators than poorer states, India’s richer states face not only lower birth rates, but also higher mortality rates as a result of their age structures. Communicable diseases and conditions around childbirth and infancy

1 – The Fertility Differential Despite the fact that fertility has fallen in all Indian states, their trajectories differ by decades. There are only four Indian states that are yet to reach replacement fertility, and all of them lie in India’s impoverished center and north. By

🧵 Data For India has partnered with @CASIPenn on a three-part series about India’s Demographic Dilemmas for their India in Transition publication. Through this series, our founder @Rukmini pulls together vital Indian data on demographic shifts, places them within the context of

India's female labour force participation rate (LFPR) - the share of women who are either working or seeking work - is low by global standards. Historically, a majority of adult Indian women reported that they were attending to household duties and were not available for paid

Education levels in India have improved consistently over time. The relative share of those who are illiterate has declined sharply over the years, while the share of those who go on to get a higher education has risen. The nature of improvement in educational attainment in

Propelled by rising mobile phone and internet access, India is witnessing an exponential growth in digital payments. Just two decades ago, more than 95% of the money spent every day on major retail payments was made using cheques. However, digital retail payments, including

One of the most important ways that countries interact with each other in the global economy is through trade. A combination of historical, economic and geo-political factors tend to drive these global trading patterns. India's trade partnerships too reflect these global

To learn more about the other aspects of the changing fertility rates in India and the data behind it, head over to @CASIPenn‘s website. Part II - https://t.co/BR72OxZvwO And in case you missed Part I of the series, where Rukmini S talks about the six key demographic milestones

3 – Falling Fertility in India is Driven by Women Having Fewer Children Sooner Rather Than Having More Children Later In most of the developed world, falling fertility manifests as women having fewer children later in life. In India, however, falling fertility plays out in the

2 – TFR Has Been Below Replacement for a Long Time in Some Parts of the Country The recency of India’s national TFR falling below replacement levels can make India seem like a new entrant to the global conversation on falling birth rates. However, certain regions have been

1 – TFR in India is Now Below Replacement Nationally The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is the average number of children that a woman is likely to have in her lifetime. When a country's TFR drops to 2.1, demographers say that the country has reached “replacement fertility”. This is

🧵 Data For India is partnering with @CASIPenn on a three-part series about India’s Demographic Dilemmas for their India in Transition publication. Through this series, our founder @Rukmini pulls together vital Indian data on demographic shifts, places them within the context of

One of the most important measures of a country's nutritional and public health status is whether its children are adequately nourished. The most closely tracked indicator on child nutrition outcomes is stunting. More than a third of Indian children under the age of five, or