Gene expression changes across embryonic development reflect both differentiation and genes whose expression varies strictly with developmental time, independent of cell type. Multiple embryonic...

Photosensitive organs are essential for most animals to perceive and respond to their environment. While the gene regulatory networks establishing retinal identity are deeply conserved across...

Microtubules (MTs) serve as dynamic scaffolds that support diverse cellular processes, including cell division, intracellular transport, and epithelial morphogenesis. In ciliated cells, MTs not only...

Female mammals are born with a finite pool of non-growing oocytes (NGOs) housed in primordial follicles, which form the ovarian reserve that determines reproductive lifespan. Mechanisms underlying...

As the sister phylum to Bilateria, Cnidaria, holds a phylogenetic position that is crucial in evolutionary studies of animal development. However, the analysis of cnidarian species, as well as other...

Male Drosophila courtship behavior is a key model for studying temporal decision-making. While courtship index (CI) is widely used to quantify mating activity, other timing metrics like courtship...

Early sex determination and genotyping of chicken embryos is crucial for ethical and resource-efficient animal research, addressing concerns about surplus animals. We developed a reproducible...

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant modification of mRNA with important regulatory roles in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. We previously reported that in human erythroid leukemia (HEL)...

Encephalocele is a congenital defect involving herniation of the meninges, with or without brain tissue, outside the skull. Although traditionally considered a neural tube defect (NTD) alongside...

During gastrulation, a sequence of complex processes transforms the blastula into a multilayered embryo. Fixed sample analysis has revealed much about how genetic signaling cascades determine the...

Accumulation of DNA damage drives β-cell dysfunction, senescence, and death in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. While αcell dysfunction also contributes to disease pathology, they remain remarkably...

Ovarian follicles in some species develop in subgroups known as "waves." Mouse fetal ovaries generate wave 2 follicles that form an ovarian reserve and wave 1.5 follicles that support early fertili...

Replication timing (RT) is the temporal program of genome duplication that is coordinated with 3D genome organization and gene expression. How and when RT is established during mammalian development...

The Ciona heart cell lineage can be accurately traced back to a pair of blastomeres, the B7.5 cells, that form at the 64-cell stage. In addition to the adult heart, the B7.5 cells also contribute to...

Deciphering mechanisms that govern lineage commitment of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is essential for optimizing differentiation strategies. Here, we investigated the role of the mitochond...