The Knowledge Archivist
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Useful knowledge from the lives of the Greatest People in History. Learn the stories and insights about influential people you should have learned in school.
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Napoleon studied Julius Caesar.
Julius Caesar studied Alexander the Great.
But who did Alexander the Great study?
Cyrus the Great…
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Lincoln on five-legged dogs and the truth:
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J.R.R. Tolkien is sitting in the trenches and looking around at the dead bodies.
40 years later the Lord of the Rings is published.
So, what is the deep connection between WWI and Tolkien’s books?
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12 Philosophers and One Idea You Need to Know
1. IMMANUEL KANT
Categorical Imperative:
An action is morally right if it can be considered a universal law that applies to everyone, in all situations, without any logical inconsistencies.
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Julius Caesar was 32 years old and as he looked at a statue of Alexander the Great, he began to cry.
But why was this 32-year-old Caesar crying?
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Genghis Khan’s DNA is present in about 16 million men alive today.
In 25 years, he ruled over more lands and people than the Romans conquered in 400 years…
But the Mongols invented nothing... so, how did Genghis Khan build such a powerful empire?
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Be proud, you survived the days you thought you couldn’t.
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Frostbitten feet.
Bordering on starvation.
Shaking with cold.
George Washington stares ahead with unwavering determination.
His army is crossing the Delaware River and there’s no turning back…
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Alexander the Great was the first general to defeat a Navy on Land.
But how did he do it?
Well, the story involves shovels, wicker baskets, and building a land bridge across the ocean...
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Constantine the Great was born into Chaos.
Invasions, civil wars, and disease consumed the Roman Empire.
All of that ended though when Constantine was struck by a flash of light and three words painted in the sky...
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How did Russia become a world superpower?
Well, it all starts with Peter the Great and his Grand Embassy.
But the story begins 300 years ago with the 6'8" giant, Peter, traveling Europe in disguise...
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"Let us not despair but act. Let us not seek the Republican answer or the Democratic answer but the right answer. Let us not seek to fix the blame for the past — let us accept our own responsibility for the future."
| John F. Kennedy
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Napoleon's thoughts on Jesus...
"Alexander, Caesar, Charlemagne, and I myself have founded great empires; but upon what did these creations of our genius depend? Upon force. Jesus alone founded His empire upon love, and to this very day millions will die for Him."
| Napoleon…
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Interesting quote from Napoleon...
"Alexander, Caesar, Charlemagne, and I myself have founded great empires; but upon what did these creations of our genius depend? Upon force. Jesus alone founded His empire upon love, and to this very day millions will die for Him."
| Napoleon…
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@elonmusk
“You can avoid reality, but you cannot avoid the consequences of avoiding reality.”
—Ayn Rand
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Mansa Musa was rich.
How rich?
$400, $500, $600 billion in today’s money?
We don’t know the exact number...
But we do know that he crushed the entire economy of Cairo when visiting because of how much gold he brought with him…
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Cyrus the Great lived from c. 590 B.C. to c. 529 B.C.
Throughout his reign, he built a military machine out of the Persians.
With this Persian army, he would conquer: the Scythians (Medes), Armenians (Lydians), and Assyrians (Babylonians).
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Before we start this thread, the most famous telling of Cyrus’ story comes from Xenophone’s "Cyropaedia" (a biography).
Here is a list of people who studied the work:
-Bacon
-Rousseau
-Montaigne
-Bolingbroke
-Shaftesbury
-Montesquieu
-Jonathan Swift
Continued...
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"There must be no barriers to freedom of inquiry … There is no place for dogma in science. The scientist is free, and must be free to ask any question, to doubt any assertion, to seek for any evidence, to correct any errors."
| J. Robert Oppenheimer
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An oracle makes a prophecy.
She says that whoever can unravel the Gordian Knot, will go on to rule all of Asia...
Guess who rides into town next?
Alexander the Great
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Mark Twain held a pistol to his head.
But he couldn’t bring himself to pull the trigger.
So, he put down the pistol and picked up a pen…
Many textbooks portray Mark Twain as poised, self-assured, and composed.
However, the Twain described in writings from 1865 and 1866 is…
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He did everything he could to have others tackle micro-tasks, so he could address the macro tasks.
An important idea for leadership.
You can’t lead your people to the promised lands if you don’t have time to pick your head up and construct a vision for yourself and your people.
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Cyrus established the largest empire to have ever been created up until that point.
Throughout his conquered lands, he set up a vast federal government (first of its kind really).
He appointed trusted men called: “satraps” throughout his empire to help him run things smoothly.
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There are a lot of kings called “the Great”
- Alexander the Great
- Ashoka the Great
- Constantine the Great
- Cyrus the Great
- Frederick the Great
- Peter the Great
- Ramses the Great
But only one English monarch was deemed “the Great”…
ALFRED THE GREAT
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Like a lot of the ancient texts, Xenophone’s work is fanciful.
It’s hard to say just how much of this biography on Cyrus the Great is legitimate and how much is simply made up.
Specifically, his upbringing…
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-Edward Gibbon
-Benjamin Franklin
-Thomas Jefferson (he was said to have kept two copies of Cyropaedia in his library)
Quite the lineup.
We should probably study Cyrus too then...
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Does this ring any bells?
“The Party told you to reject the evidence of your eyes and ears. It was their final, most essential command.”
| George Orwell, 1984
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His birth and the events that took place right afterward, are a story for another time (specifically his paranoid grandfather).
We are going to focus on Cyrus’ kingship and Xenophone’s analysis of his character.
And there's a lot of valuable knowledge to unpack here...
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a useful friend, instead of a useless one.”
He basically, just gave more resources to those who showed up and got shit done.
This is quite a simple idea, yet many have somehow forgotten it in today’s world.
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Cyrus was a master delegator:
“Cyrus then constituted different officers to take care of different affairs. He had his receivers of the revenues, his pay-masters, overseers of his works, keepers of his treasures, and officers to provide things that were proper for...
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“I know nothing”
You know Socrates said this, but what's the story behind this saying?
Well, the story begins when a friend visits the Oracle of Delphi...
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"Iron rusts from disuse; stagnant water loses its purity and in cold weather becomes frozen; even so does inaction sap the vigor of the mind."
| Leonardo da Vinci
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Put people in power that have proven themselves.
The only route to power should be through earning it (proof of work essentially).
Can you think of one extremely successful empire, company, team, etc. that excelled because they were “diverse” or brown nosing?
Exactly…
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And his delegation was built on meritocracy, something sorrowfully lacking today:
“The chief method of all that he used to necessitate men to attend was this, that, in case a man did not yield obedience to these other...
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...as joint guardians of his power and grandeur, he himself took care to have them the best; he did not give this in charge to others, but thought it his own business.”
Summed up: He delegated. And took it seriously when it really mattered.
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You know Isaac Newton was a Great Scientist.
But did you know he spent 3 decades living a secret life studying a subject we laugh at today?
So, what was he studying?
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Napoleon Bonaparte studied Alexander the Great all his life.
But in 1799 he was given the chance to emulate his hero.
Napoleon invades Egypt.
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USEFUL KNOWLEDGE:
1. Delegate whenever possible. Having others take care of micro tasks allows you to focus on the macro which you as the leader are really the only one that can tackle
2. Build your delegation with meritocracy. Put people in power who have proven their…
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Something you should know:
Napoleon completely transformed France's education system.
He created primary, secondary (Lycees) and technical schools.
Within the schools, the kids learned: numbers, writing, and langauge - and also more advanced subjects like mathematics, history,…
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Cyrus also led by example.
He believed deeply in the importance of holding himself to high standards so that these standards would trickle down throughout his people:
“He was of opinion, that he should the better inspire other men with respect and awe, if he himself appeared...
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Steve Jobs discussing a Secret to Life in 1994:
"The thing I would say is...
When you grow up, you tend to get told that the world is the way it is and your life is just to live your life inside the world, try not to bash into the walls too much, try to have a nice family life,…
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SOMETHING YOU SHOULD KNOW:
Julius Caesar was a Man of the People.
Here's all the cool things he did for The People:
1. He enacted laws to alleviate debt burdens on indebted citizens.
2. He enacted policies to provide land grants and financial rewards to his veteran soldiers.
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@elonmusk
Yup.
Think of how many inventions, novels, songs, paintings, etc lie in the graves of those men.
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There were whispers on the battlefield that William the Conqueror had been killed.
His men retreat in fear.
But then, out of nowhere, William emerges from the battlefield lifting up his helmet to show his face and cries out to his retreating men...
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…his table. He appointed, as masters of his horse and of his dogs, such as he thought would provide him with the best of these kinds of creatures for his use. But as to those, whom he thought fit to have...
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Nikola Tesla is 16 and he's hanging over the side of a dam, screaming for help.
Just before he let's go to fall on the rocks below, he's struck by a flash of light showing him how to save himself.
These were the same flashes of light that brought his inventions into his mind…
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He worked in the Library of Alexandria.
His book is said to be the most translated, published, and studied of all books produced in the Western world, behind only the Bible.
He is the Father of Geometry.
Who is he?
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Who is the Father of Europe?
The title belongs to Charlemagne.
But how did he build the largest empire in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire?
Well, it starts with his meat-eating...
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...methods [after he listed some other minor ways he implemented efficiency in his empire], he then took what he had from him, and gave it to another man that he thought would be able to attend upon the proper occasions. And thus he gained...
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Napoleon Bonaparte wrote down 6 men who needed to be studied in order to be a Great General:
1. Alexander the Great
2. Hannibal
3. Gustavus Adolfus
4. Julius Caesar
5. Prince Eugene
6. ?
The last man was:
Frederick the Great
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Shakespeare wrote 37 plays, 154 sonnets and introduced over 1,700 new words to the English language.
But was he even a real person?
Or was “Shakespeare” a pen name for a secret group of famous men who lived during his time?
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…to pay so great a respect to all, as never to say or do anything shameful and vile: and that it would fall out thus, he grounded his argument upon this; that not only in the case of a prince, but even of such as men had no fear of, they paid more respect to those that...
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Xenophone continues describing Cyrus’ leading by example:
“He thought, likewise, to make men practice a command of their passions best, by showing that he himself was not drawn away, by present pleasures, from the pursuit of good and excellent things; and that he...
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What was really impressive is that this Achaemenid empire Cyrus founded, grew to far greater heights even after his death.
The longevity of a prosperous empire is a massive testament to that ruler’s leadership/administrative abilties.
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…behaved respectfully than they did to the impudent. And such women, as they observed to be modest and respectful, they were the more ready to pay respect to… by showing his own goodness and modesty of temper, he made all others the more ready to practice it.”
Let’s go deeper.
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...really lived in the most comely and noble manner. In the practice of such things as these, and with such things always before their eyes, they passed their days at the doors of Cyrus.”
Cyrus essentially made sure he was seen working on the mission and pursuing righteousness.
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Your ancestors:
-Crossed oceans
-Studied day and night
-Went to bed hungry at night
-Were slaughtered in trenches
-Worked themselves to the bone
-Were wounded by invading tribes
-Suffered through dreadful winters
-Lost other family members to disease
-Traveled countless miles on…
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At 14, young Napoleon was leading his fellow students in a snowball fight.
20 years later, he placed a crown on his OWN HEAD making him the Emperor of France.
According to Napoleon, there was only ONE way to reach this success.
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...preferred toil and labour in the pursuit of a noble end before all delights. Being, therefore, such a man himself, he established an excellent order at his doors; the meaner sort submitting to the better, and all behaving with great awe and...
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...decency one towards another. You would not see anyone there in anger, breaking out into noise and clamour, nor expressing an insulting pleasure in insolent laughter. But to see them, you would think that they...
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In many ways, Xenophone’s biography of Cyrus was a book on leadership.
In fact, the book was often associated with the genre of medieval “mirrors of princes.”
This literature was a genre of advice literature that outlined basic principles of conduct for rulers.
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This Persian empire was eventually thwarted after a couple centuries during Darius I's reign, unfortunately.
By none other than Alexander the Great himself.
But what can we learn from what has been laid out here?
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Albert Einstein accomplished a lot.
He was probably cooped up in his office all day writing and thinking, right?
Not exactly...
In fact, not only did he love to play music on the violin and piano in his free time, but he could also often be found manning a vessel at sea.…
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5 Psychologists and One Theory You Should Know
1. Carl Jung (1875 - 1961)
The Collective Unconscious:
The collective unconscious is a theoretical construct proposed by Jung, which suggests that there is a deeper level of the unconscious mind shared by all individuals.
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Here is a translated version of Cyropædia (Biography of Cyrus by Xenophon):
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@WallStreetSilv
BREAKING: Women like masculinity!
Every single generation before 1950/60 would laugh at the state of things today
I mean just think about how crazy it is that women don’t even know what legitimate masculinity is from today’s men. Insane
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Darius III was defeated by Alexander the Great, not Darius the I - mistyped
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You know those pictures of children covered in dirt working during the Industrial Revolution?
Well, Andrew Carnegie was one of those kids.
His childhood was darkness.
But one day a single ray of light glimmered as a beacon of hope.
What was the ray of light?
Books
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Their ship is frozen in the ice.
It's -16°F (-26°C).
No one is coming to save them.
And the only thing between Ernest Shackleton's men and the dark Antarctic Ocean full of killer whales is a sheet of ice.
How did Shackleton keep his crew from losing their minds?
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Albert Einstein was often lost in thought, but he always had one thing with him.
And no, it wasn’t his pipe…
Hint: Wolfgang
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At the age of 87, Bertrand Russell was asked in an interview if there was anything he would like to say about the life he’s lived and the lessons he’s learned from it.
Russell responded: “I should like to say two things: one intellectual and one moral…”
INTELLECTUAL:
“The…
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The Ultimate Leonardo Da Vinci Sketch Thread
1/50 - Profile of a Warrior in Helmet
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2. RENE DESCARTES
“I think, therefore I am”
You can doubt nearly everything in the world as not being real: whether you’re awake/dreaming, math, logic, etc.
But you can't doubt the act of doubting itself.
Doubting is a form of thinking, and in order to think, you must exist.
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"Out of suffering have emerged the strongest souls; the most massive characters are seared with scars."
| Kahlil Gibran
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Pray to God, but keep rowing to the shore.
—Russian Proverb
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4. SOCRATES
The Socratic Method:
Asking continual questions to systematically clarify another person's ideas and expose any contradictions in those ideas, thereby stimulating critical thinking and illuminating ideas.
EX: Why? How? What? etc. (basically looking at all angles).
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What is the real meaning of Star Wars and why is it so popular?
Well, the story begins when George Lucas asks his mother:
“If there's only one God, why are there so many religions?"
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Archimedes sinks down into his bathtub.
Water spills over the edge.
And then a gold crown flashes in his mind.
He gets up and runs through the streets of Syracuse wearing zero clothes... shouting: "Eureka! Eureka!"
1/
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Helen Keller was deaf and blind.
But she was far from being dumb.
In fact, guess what Mark Twain said about her and Napoleon...
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Have you ever had a profound insight and then looked at the clock to see 11:11?
Maybe you can remember thinking about someone and then they called you the next minute?
Just coincidences, right?
Well, these experiences are referred to as “synchronicity” by Carl Jung…
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"The healthy man does not torture others—generally it is the tortured who turn into torturers."
| Carl Jung
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6. JOHN LOCKE
Natural Rights:
Locke surmised that rights such as “life, liberty, and property” are inherent to individuals, independent of any government or system.
And the primary role of government is to protect these rights and it can be overthrown if it fails to do so.
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A product of high self-esteem
“There’s a real weakness in wanting to be liked. I don’t have that.”
- Elon Musk
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@Mericamemed
BREAKING: female discovers feminine feelings in the presence of a male who exhibit masculine qualities!
Insane!
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Tolkien lies in the bunker writing.
Mortar shells explode in the distance.
Just a couple months ago he was listening to birds in the parks of England.
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This is the most famous painting of Aristotle.
He is talking with Plato but what else is he doing?
Hint: it's something you do every day...
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10 Works by Beethoven You Must Listen To:
1. Symphony No. 9
2. Symphony No. 3 ‘Eroica’
3. Piano Sonata No. 14 ("Moonlight")
4. Piano Sonata No. 29 ("Hammerklavier")
5. Piano Concerto No. 4
6. Für Elise
7. Piano Sonata No. 8 ("Pathétique")
8. Grosse Fuge
9. Violin…
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The Khan’s military campaigns led to an astonishing mixing of cultures.
Some examples:
- China’s noodles ended up in Europe
- Lemons from Europe ended up in China
- German mining technology was spread
- Persian carpets circulated
- French metalworking was adopted all over
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14 GREAT ARTISTS and their most beautiful (or interesting) art.
1. ALBERT BIERSTADT (1830 - 1902)
-The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak
-Among the Sierra Nevada, California
-The Last of the Buffalo
(hard to beat Bierstadt...)
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Andrew Carnegie went from $1.20 a week to $309 billion.
In his autobiography, there is one action he felt was most essential to his rise...
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"What counts is not necessarily the size of the dog in the fight — it's the size of the fight in the dog."
| Dwight D. Eisenhower
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