There are numerous small-scale electron density irregularities in the ionosphere. The coordination of multiple needle Langmuir probes (m-NLPs) enables in sit...

Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) pose a significant space weather hazard, driven by geomagnetic field variation due to the coupling of the solar wind ...

The 8 April 2024, total solar eclipse presented a unique opportunity to study ionospheric and magnetospheric responses to local changes in the solar illumina...

With the continuous deepening of human exploration of the universe, space telescopes have emerged as pivotal tools for obtaining information about celestial ...

Infrared astronomical equipment is pivotal in advancing our understanding of the universe, particularly through ground-based observations, which remain the p...

Phosphorus-bearing molecules are fundamental for life on Earth, yet their astrochemical origins remain poorly understood. Their formation in the interstellar...

IntroductionCoronal Faraday rotation (FR) measurements provide a powerful means of measuring the magnetic field of the solar corona and solar wind (along the...

Routine measurements of Earth’s magnetospheric cold plasma have not occurred on any recent space science mission. This hurdle to cold plasma science progress...

Single-event upsets (SEUs) from radiation strikes in configuration memory are potentially catastrophic due to their widespread effects. For field-programmabl...

IntroductionAs the solar wind transits through the heliosphere, Coulomb collisions among constituent particles drives it toward local thermodynamic equilibri...

This paper presents a review of the main properties of ultra-long-period Cepheids (ULPs). The analysis is based on the largest sample of known ULPs, comprisi...

The Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) is the late stage of the evolution of intermediate and low-mass stars and is of great importance for understanding stellar ...

Recent analyses on the properties of the central compact object in the HESS J1731-347 remnant and the PSR J1231-1411 pulsar indicated that these two compact ...

Our methodology demonstrates a proof of concept of the applicability of transfer learning for heliophysics, a machine learning technique where knowledge lear...

This paper focuses on the strategic importance of China’s Chang’e series of deep-space exploration missions and the urgent challenges faced in equipment deve...

Human activities beyond Earth are increasing, encompassing military, commercial, and scientific dimensions. In such a scenario, the concept of outer space as...

We explain the braking index n=2.19±0.03 of PSR J1846−0258 by incorporating the time evolution of its magnetic inclination angle and dipolar magnetic field. ...

This perspective piece examines the parallels and distinctions between ocean floor mining and potential lunar extraction, emphasizing the necessity of protec...

Astronauts and cosmonauts are often called heroes. The term "hero" brings to mind a figure who is excellent in one way or another. However, it remains unclea...