Ya Bro🌟CJ
@CJLeung_DST
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Hi, I'm CJ the developer of @CloudbreakerRPG I make TRPG & history contents.
Melbourne, Victoria
Joined December 2016
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How is Ghost of Tsushima a Western developed game became immensely popular in Japan? It’s thanks to the work of the Japanese localizers. Here’s a summary of what they did to give the Japanese Audience a completely different experience to the English original. 🧵1/12
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Magic in Chinese history and fiction has many names. But they have different connotations.
魔術 Moshu - the generic term today, (lit. demonic arts)
道術 Taoshu - Taoist arts
巫術 Wushu - Shamanic/witchcraft
法術 Fashu can be generic, but has interesting connotation...
🧵(1/6)
The unique technology Illum developed in isolation are the cosmic sciences. Formulated on the primordial peaks of Illum, where the laws of the universe were drafted, this knowledge was eventually cultivated into cosmic magic and various martial arts.
#cloudbreaker
#TRPG
#TTRPG
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Why’s Jin Yong the master of wuxia novels? Many think that his books are just about flying kung fu masters. They’re actually meditations on age-old questions on Chinese culture and politics. In this 🧵, I’ll explain the themes for those not familiar with Chinese culture. 🧵1/19
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I find it funny that in Western countries they consider communities such as Indians and Indonesians to be their own ethnicities. In fact, those are nationalities. India has more than 2000 ethnic groups and Indonesia has over 700.
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In Cloudbreaker Alliance, lifeforms are classified according to the Wayan Taxonomy. Orcs and Goblins belong to the same family in the thaumarcanic tree of life but they have their own separate genus and species.
Faunalian, is a whole kingdom of life with creature types as diverse…
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I think people have the right to determine how their own culture is presented. This "expert" of "Japanese and East Asia" seems to not realise that Japan use the separate term of Ryu for Asian dragon and Doragon ドラゴン for Western dragon.
Chinese state media want to stop translating 龍 as "dragon" in favor of unwieldy transliteration "loong." They claim Chinese dragons don't breathe fire & are benevolent/auspicious, unlike evil western dragons.
This is nationalist nonsense. A thread.
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People may laugh at this. But soon enough when they sell this in the West as full-flavour, low-calorie meal replacement, people will be paying big buck to suck on rocks.
World’s hardest dish? Stir-fried stones are China’s latest street food fad
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Ethnicity & Nationhood evolved through time. Static ethnicity had never really existed. It is a lie told by one side to create an indistinct outgroup and by the other side to create a united identity. Even Japan & China was never truly monoethnic throughout their history.
🧵(1/6)
Oni, Angel & Asura are the predominant lifeforms of Sanctum. After 2000 years of intermixing, angels gained horns and replaced their feathery wings with wings of light. Their evolution had rendered them unrecognisable to their ancestors' people.
#Cloudbreaker
#TRPG
#TTRPG
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#ShangChi
's critical and tremendous box office success really blew me away! It's definitely something to celebrate.
In light of this success
@XiranJayZhao
@AccentedCinema
@danielhkwan
and I have decided to do a roundtable on Asian Representation. Do "Asians" Need Representation?
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Link:
Contrary to Hollywood portrayals, ancient Asians don’t go around yelling honor all the time. They’re not vegans you know. Here is how Hollywood got it so wrong and the pernicious reason behind the misrepresentation.
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In the 1070 to 1080s, East African merchants speculated to be from Zanzibar had reached China & had an audience with Emperor Song Shenzong (1048 - 1085). This is before the first West European had even reached Zanzibar (Vasco da Gama, 1498).
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Just watched the 2 eps of new Shogun. This is not a remake, it’s a retelling from the opposite side. Instead of giving Blackthorne 90% of the screen time and Japan 10%, it’s flipped to Blackthorne 30% and Japan 70%. Sanada Hiroyuki’s Toragana is the main protagonist here.🧵1/7
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To be honest, playing the game with Japanese audio and English text created a bit of dissonance because they often don't match and the English text can sometimes fall into the simple honor bound warrior cliche.
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The localizer learned a lesson by attending the workshop of Kazuo Koike, the original writer of Lonewolf & Cub. Koike said nobody knows what happened in the past, and advised to go for what’s interesting first, but not to be disrespecful to history.🧵6/12
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I have noticed something very interesting about Classical Chinese novels. Unlike modern media, they don't center their narrative around defeating big bad evil villains, like Sauron, The Joker or the White Witch of Naria. These stories are more about character growth.
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Tell your kids that Techpriest is a valid profession.
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All this info were presented in CEDEC 2021, a conference for game developers. You can find the complete article here: 🧵12/12
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The team starts with the developer, Sucker Punch’s goals.
- Pay respect to Japan.
- Be a work that can be enjoyed by players from all over the world.
- A serious story that adults can also enjoy.
And avoid トンデモJAPAN (Ridiculous Japan) mistakes uninformed creators make. 🧵3/12
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The old desert-dwelling Arab stereotype is really quite overplayed in the West. Not many people realize this, but they are also great sailors. In ancient Southeast Asia and Southern China most Arabs encountered were sea traders who travelled the Maritime silk road.🧵1/3
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The team had lots of difficulties at the start, but settled on an overarching direction. They want to create an “emoi” 「エモい」localization experience, it can mean (sentimental/emotional). The first lesson was to have a common goal between the developers and localizers. 🧵2/12
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While I appreciate the hanfu movement for their immaculate recreation of traditional costumes, I'm more interested in what will evolve out of it.
Will traditional elements be reincorporated in daily clothing? What would later historians think is the representative style the era?
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When people ask if Avatar is a wuxia, I like to use this scene as an example to argue why it isn't.
This episode follows the common western storytelling trope of quick power acquisition, then deal with the long term consequence. (Though the series seem to forget this plot)
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“Congratulations Katara, you’re a bloodbender” was sinister work
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So, rather than slavisly following historical accuracy, they decided to replicate the sensibilities of period dramas (jidaigeki). They use ancient vocabularies that are still understandable, while eliminating vocabularies from later periods.🧵7/12
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The biggest mistake new Wuxia writers make is making the setting too Han-centric. The genre has always had a diverse range of characters, from Tibetan monks to Mongols, etc. Don’t forget that the strongest wuxia hero in all of Jin Yong’s work is an ethnic Khitan, Qiao Feng. 🧵1/4
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Look at this "guilt culture" (West) vs "shame culture" (East) myth being perpetuated again. It is quite easy to guess who is perpetrating it too. After a bit of research I was proven right. LOL!
He is an explanation of the origin of this myth and why it's wrong: (1/5)
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When translating the original English text, the localizers have to weight between historical accuracy and understandability. Some characters, should not be able to write much kanji for that time period, but if everything is written in hiragana, it would be hard to read. 🧵5/12
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Localization is two way street. The devs went to Japan to survey the location and take photos. The localization team collaborate to create a lot of assets such as the kanji stamps for victories and losses. There are a lot of back and forth between each step from the start. 🧵4/12
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The name "YURIKO" in the English version is changed to just "Yuri" because it is strange for a nanny to have a “ko” or "child" in her name historically. The characters were voiced and acted differently too, creating a separate Japanese experience to the English original.🧵11/12
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But this rule is not applied to all characters. It’s only applied to the samurai characters, while the civilians use language closer to modern Japanese. But everything is guided by the first principle, make it “emoi”.「エモい」🧵8/12
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Let's be real. Shogun is just isekai for the boomer audience.
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The localizers dares to ignore the original text. For example, "Jin's Journey" is translated to "Jin’s path.”「仁之道」"Act 1, 2, and 3" in English version was replaced with (守・破・離). Shu Ha Ri. This term was coined later, but this was done for entertainment purpose.🧵9/12
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Shu-Ha-Ri, defend, break & leave. This is related to the martial arts principle of defending the traditional rules of martial arts, breaking it and leaving the tradition (to create your own style). Various names were changed because they don’t make sense. 🧵10/12
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Thanks for starting the
#AsianDiasporaCreators
tag,
@XiranJayZhao
.
My name's CJ, I create animated Asian History videos on youtube.
I also have another Channel featuring animated how to play D&D and CoC tutorials.
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Nationhood and Ethnicities are manufactured according to the spectrum of external vs internal force, for the purpose of uniting or dividing society.
Let's talk about the Manchu, Hutu & Tutsi, different people groups from half a globe away.
🧵(1/7)
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I have talked about the difference between Western & Eastern storytelling styles a lot. The easiest way to remember & understand the difference can perhaps be best illustrated by the story of Jesus & Buddha. The most important religious narratives of respective cultures.
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Link:
In case you missed it, here is the panel with
@danielhkwan
@XiranJayZhao
and
@AccentedCinema
.
Whether you agree or disagree with us, please continue the discussion.
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There is the common conception that the older the magic is the more powerful it is. But in reality, “magic” also evolves through time, incorporating other knowledge. The practicioners often see them as “Science”. (Qi, Chakra, Kabbalah)
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It changes the practitioner physically & mentally. The cost is steep & paid upfront. If this episode is written in the style of wuxia stories, Katara would have developed thirst for blood or other needs to keep using the skill. It would add more impact to the story, imo.
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Woohoo!!!
The RotK 120 chapters animated summary finally reached 1 million views after 2.5 years.
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Nowadays, almost all indegenous Chinese magic are categorized under taoist magic, that’s because taoism absorbs all concepts, such as five phases and yin yang which were originally separate ideas. Even Buddhist ideas were incorporated into Taoism.
🧵(5/6)
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Kingdoms, Empires, Republic, ironically most fantasy RPGs are not experimental enough with their choice of government. That’s why we are using the “kongsi” (Company) style government based on the historical Lanfang Republic (1777 - 1884), with a twist.
🧵(1/6)
In Illlum, each mountain range has different Faunalian and Floralian species forming its own biome. Towns and cities are run as co-operatives, jointly owned by the residents. Leadership can only be won through tournaments of mind and might.
#cloudbreaker
#TRPG
#TTRPG
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@XiranJayZhao
These three words are just complete tattoo shop nonsense when put together. Slogans and mottos in Chinese always comes in 4 characters and it is better if it references an ancient quote.
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This whole "Eastern dragons don't breathe fire & are benevolent/auspicious, unlike evil western dragons." Line is a very common explanation used in Japan too. Google the difference between 龍とドラゴン in japanese and you'll find plenty of blogs saying the same thing.
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After learning bloodbending, nothing about Katara changes at all, physically or mentally. She is just morally burdened with the knowledge of a skill she cannot use.
In wuxia or other martial arts stories, skill acquisition is a much longer process.
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Meanwhile many terms are related to 道術 Taoist magic. 方術 Fangshu is ancient magic /technical skill that uses similar “taoist” principle but mostly used during the Qin, Han dynasty & earlier. 仙術 Xianshu, is the magic of taoists who had gained immortalityl
🧵(3/6)
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法術 Not all Fashu are buddhist magic, but most buddhist magic are called Fashu. This is because Fa 法 is the chinese translation of “Dharma”. This is why 法器 (Fa tools) are usually Buddhist relics.
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巫術 Wushu shamanic/witchcraft magic had roots in various traditional local magic. It was common during Spring & Autumn period and lost favour after han dynasty. It has negative connotation and often deal with the spirit of the dead.
🧵(4/6)
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Her company is really a modernized version of a 鏢局 (Biao Ju), a merchant protection escort service. This service existed in ancient China and it’s a common wuxia trope. It practically serves the same purpose of adventurer’s guilds in western fantasy. To incite events.
🧵(1/2)
Queenie, the representative of Illum also serves as the head of security for the Cloudbreaker Guild.
She owns an insurance company that services the guild, so you better return from missions safe or you'll hurt her bottom line.
#cloudbreaker
#TRPG
#TTRPG
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Link:
The story of Princess Pingyang, collab with
@XiranJayZhao
THIS IS NOT A DRILL
A real princess EARNS her title.
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@XiranJayZhao
To be fair, you've got to go to the British museum to see real Chinese treasure nowadays.
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Link =>
In many fantasy series, power/magic users are often limited to those born with special bloodline or have a genetic component behind them. But in Wuxia, everyone can use martial arts. Here I discuss the storytelling techniques they.
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Defining race, nationhood & ethnicity, it’s all a game played by politics.
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The themes he explored evolved through his career, from patriotic/Confucian to Buddhist, Taoist & beyond. Covering all of them will take too long, so I will just cover the famous one ones. Starting with the iconic Legend of the Condor Heroes, his third series (pub 1957). 🧵2/19
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Water Margin was a seminal piece of literature that left a lasting influence in the development of Japanese literature, especially yakuza related fiction. If you pay close attention, it can also be seen in Gundam - Iron Blooded Orphan. (spoilers!) (1/4)
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If you've been good this year, Santa Guan Yu will bring you the head of your enemy's general.
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There are iconic villains, of course, but they only last a few chapters, like Bull Demon King and Gao Qiu. Even Cao Cao is a not a complete villain since he is a (cunning) "hero" in his own right too. To be fair, many classic Western literature used to be like this too.
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In LotCH, he explores the conflict between filial piety and patriotism. In the Five cardinal relationships loyalty to ruler comes before father, but in practice, it’s hard to apply. It’s also the source of much dilemma through history. 🧵3/19
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I find fantasies that delineate cultures, civilizations, and languages along racial/species line to be quite juvenile. Especially when Tolkien, who started writing his legendarium over a century ago, could create so much nuance, he put most modern fantasy writers to shame.
🧵1/4
Unlike the inhabitants of other regions, Sanctumites are a single species, though separated by race. After two millennia of intermixing, the angels, once their own species, had lost their feather wings and gained a crown of horns that projects their halo. The onis can project…
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It was deeply flawed because she never went there and was only interviewing Japanese who are in US. Also, she claimed that Japan did not believe in hell, which is wrong. The Buddhist Jigoku (hell) is every bit as gruesome as Christian hell. (4/5)
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The knives out series is pretty much a honkaku (orthodox) mystery. The orthodox mystery writing style in Japan allows the reader to solve the mystery before the detective. (Think Detective Conan)
In the west, this is called fair-play whodunnit.
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This is exoticization of magic which is completely unrealistic to real world practices. Throughout history people have always tried to systemitize magic, including religion, with lord's prayer and other mantras. Even if the result is unpredictable, consistency is expected.
This is, of course, my problem with D&D-like spells.
When you know a fireball is always 5' x 5' squares, magic becomes a math equation and not a spell.
Spells should have limits like "the circumference of a graveyard" or "as far as this bowshot" or "for a year and a day."
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Waiting for Momotaro.
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Despite being heavily criticised and considered to be outdated, it’s embraced by many today especially Christian Evangelists. "TheCultureTest" their source, is pushed by "HonorShame" website, founder by Christian editor, Jayson Georges who lives off perpetuating this myth. (5/5)
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@jackdaw_writes
@XiranJayZhao
This Indonesian statue of a tiger shows that society hasn't really improved despite advanced technology.
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Interesting why there aren't labels for American RPG, British RPG, Polish RPG or European RPG isn't it?
"For us as developers the first time we heard it, It was like a discriminatory term", Naoki Yoshida speaks up about how he does not want Final Fantasy XVI to be called a JRPG
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Yang Kang, the tragic antagonist, was ethnic Han, but he was raised by a prince of the Jurchen-led Liao dynasty, enemy of Han-led Song dynasty. Yang Kang’s step-father was kind to him and promised him status and wealth, so he chose to betray his heritage. 🧵4/19
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It is important to see historical developments according to another culture’s lens and historiography. Here we see that African are also achievers and explorers instead of passive actors to be discovered by others.
🧵(5/6)
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Jin Yong is a tough act to follow and I don’t think any writer has been able to compete with him because he has been writing about subjects that are perpetually relevant to the foundation of Chinese culture and civilization and he had virtually covered everything.🧵18/19
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But in other countries, they are all conflated into a single ethnicity. This only goes to show that ethnic and divisions are mostly political. The same goes for the “white” classification in US. Where Iranians are officially classified as one but rarely do by the public.
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Yaksha Kingdom and Raksha's Sea Market.
There are historical records of other nations in Chinese history, but it is interesting to see how they're depicted in the popular imagination compared to colonial narratives, using short stories from Liao Zhai.
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Read the same wikipedia entry in other languages!!!
This is a very simple trick that will expand your mind exponentially.
🧵Here's a great example of why you shouldn't always go by Western sources on non Western subjects
Eng Wikipedia page: Yoshitoshi was the last Ukyo-e master. The art died with him😔
JPN Wikipedia page: Yoshitoshi had over a dozen notable protegés with their own Wiki entries 😃
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The belief that living creatures have 3 souls is not as uncommon as most people think. The Chinese believed that people have 3 souls & 7 spirits. Plato believed souls have 3 parts, logos, thymos, and eros. The Uralic peoples (Finn, Hungarian, etc.) also believe in 3 souls.
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In the world of Cloudbreaker Alliance each living creature has 3 souls and 5 spirits. When a creature dies, its three souls will disperse in different directions and fly into a potential new life, forming a triad with 2 other souls. Spirits are produced by the interaction between…
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I think this shift is relatively recent, due to influential authors who are very much influenced by Christianity. Authors like Tolkien & CS Lewis are devout Christians and may have used Satan as the archetype of the all encompassing villain that they need to defeat.
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Guo Jing, the protagonist was a Han refugee, who was accepted and treated kindly by a small Mongol tribe led by Genghis Khan. As the Mongols grow larger they become brutal & blood-thirsty. After a lot of drama, he finally left them to defend Song dynasty. 🧵5/19
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Many fantasies only follow the historical evolution of western political system. That's why we're using democratic system which evolved from the elective system of steppe confederacies. Their leaders were elected in grand assemblies, later called Kurultai by the Mongols.
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In Ulruk, anyone can call for a grand assembly called khurultai and become a Khan. Their supporters vote by their attendance at the designated location. Some tribes hold khurultai at dangerous locations to prevent weaklings from joining the confederacy.
#Cloudbreaker
#TRPG
#TTRPG
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Stereotypes of people vary depending on the region. So, if you want to spice up your writing, look at a culture in the third person, from another culture’s perspective. The Arab’s maritime history is like the dark side of the moon in the recent Hollywood imagination.🧵3/3
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In the sequel series, Return of the Condor Heroes (1959), he tackles Confucian social taboos, social conservatism, and generational change. In the center of the story is the romance between Yang Guo son of the prequels’s antagonist and his master Xiao Long Nu. 🧵6/19
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People who were heroes can become oppressors, as the dynastic cycle goes. The former heroes are not depicted as outright villains, but the new protagonist must oppose all social constraints to be able to find happiness. 🧵8/19
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I am not saying that an all encompassing villain doesn't exist in Chinese stories at all. Because the main plot of Fenshen Yanyi is defeating King Zhou & Daji. But it is quite rare and isn't as highly regarded as those other classics.
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There is no such thing as a "single" inspiration for any piece of work or artist. Princess Iron Fan (1941) was also cited as one of Tezuka's inspiration to go into animation.
As an artist, you should never stop learning and absorb all the knowledge you can get.
Scrooge McDuck is single-handedly responsible for the existence of Anime and Manga
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Comparative history is really interesting especially when you get to see history rhyme. You can see similar situations playing out in the division between the Western and Eastern Roman empires, competing Chinese dynasties, and Nanboku-Cho era Japan as counter.
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The whole localization kerfuffle of 2024 is kinda interesting to me. I think it’s great that people a realizing that they have been fed bastardized versions of other cultures’ products. But this issue is even worse in history.
Confucianism & Daodejing are just some examples.
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This tweet is gaining traction with people who speak English but it's really the one after that is really bad. "Do you need a reason to help others?" is a recurring line that is supposed to embody the entire theme of the story. It was completely purged from the English version.
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In Confucian culture, one’s teacher is the same as a parent, so their romance is considered as inappropriate as incest and must be opposed. The heroes from the prequel have now become established masters and their responsibilities have made them conservative. 🧵7/19
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Before there was the Dutch East India Company (VOC), there was the 500 Lords of Aihole from Southern India. They’re also known as the Vira Balanjas "valiant merchants", the defenders of the Vira Balanja Dharma “law of the heroic traders”.
🧵1/4
The economy of Illum is heavily dependent on trades conducted by traveling merchants. The region is not poor in resources, but they are unevenly distributed across isolated communities. Thus, merchant groups are some of the most influential organizations in the region. Towns and
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The producer, Sanada Hiroyuki has repeatedly said that he wants to use this series to show what Japan is really like to the international audience. So I don’t think they're trying to tell Blackthorne’s story. I have no attachment to the original, so I don’t really care. 🧵2/7
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In Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils (1963), he tackles ethnic prejudices and dabbles in Buddhist themes, such as karmic fate and vengeance. One of the main protagonists, Qiao Feng was an outstanding leader of the Beggar Sect, he did everything right but his fate was to suffer.🧵9/19
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He realized that there are good people among the groups branded as “evil” and there are opportunist manipulators among the so-called “good guys”. Eventually, he left Jianghu and all its pettiness to enjoy a peaceful life with his lover. 🧵13/19
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The legend of the face-chested men existed in India, China, Greece and Persia. This connection will be explored in Cloudbreaker Alliance.
ancient china 🤝 ancient europe
"hehe funny head
chest man"
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I can start seeing a distinctive chinese animation style appearing in the 3D space & it seems to be led by Mihoyo. The combination of cartoony rubberyness with anime style action is not something you commonly see.
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It argues that Americans, (Christians) derive their morality from their fear of god and afterlife. So they will continue to be good when nobody is looking. The Japanese, who are motivated by the fear of shame considers anything to be permissible when nobody is watching. (3/5)
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When worldbuilding, creating countercultures can be as important as creating the culture itself. In ancient China, the naturalistic philosophy of Taoism was a response to Confucianism, and European Enlightenment was a response to Christianity.
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With plenty of steep slopes to climb and hazardous terrain to leap over, Illumites prefer clothing that is flexible and good at absorbing sweat. People from other regions have often described their clothing style as “sporty.”
The elites, however, tend to wear increasingly less…
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New writers dabbling in the genre will see him as near insurmountable mountain and have to ask what else they can really add to the genre. Or, let other cultures use the genre as a medium to tell their own stories.🧵19/19
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I will keep watching, if not for the plot, but to analyze the attempt of how the Japanese can tell their own story in the confines of a creatively bankrupt corporate media landscape that sees only value in bought IPs, but not original production. 🧵7/7
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Similarly, we have the English & The Normans. After the norman conquest, the aristocracy was replaced by the Normans. But during the course of 100 years war, when they failed to recapture their land in Normandy France, the Normans became English.
🧵(6/6)
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The concept of Guilt & Shame cultures were introduced in the book: The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, by Ruth Benedict. She’s an anthropologist who worked for the U.S. Office of War Information, in order to understand and predict the behavior of the Japanese in World War II. (2/5)
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