Also on bluesky, you can add me at @alkismh.bsky.social.

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Introducing Grok Imagine.

Proposal accepted! It's a proposal to create a one-day trivia contest for @LearnedLeague , but all wins count. If anyone on my twitter is a member, come on July 16th to test your knowledge of ancient roman cuisine.

Our recent paper about the role of the cerebellum as a gateway for the formation of long-term sensorimotor memories is the subject of a story by @thecrimson!.

RT @JCashaback: Our latest paper is out! We looked at the roles and interplay of reinforcement and error feedback on exploration during rea….

RT @ASNRehab: A recent study examining the kinematics of 3D arm movements in individuals in the sub-acute phase after #stroke found that bo….

I'd like to thank the two (anonymous) reviewers for their constructive feedback, which has definitely strengthened the paper. Special thanks to Sarah Hemminger, @reziliusReza, Amy Bastian, and.@herzfeldd for helping us acquire and parse the data. 20/20.

We found 15 reaching studies examining adaptation after cerebellar damage. While timing data were not available, studies using 4-8 targets– meaning that on average it would take long to revisit the same target – reported >2x impairment than studies that used 1-3 targets. 19/n

These analyses held both for the two studies together and when each study was examined separately. 17/n.

Together, these analyses provide convergent evidence that the cerebellum is necessary for temporally-persistent adaptation but not for temporally-volatile, short-term adaptation - a role analogous to that of the MTL/hippocampus but for sensorimotor memory. 16/n.

We found that the decay of adaptation in patients was significantly steeper, in line with impairment specific to temporally-persistent adaptation. 15/n

The time between same-target trials could vary widely, especially in the 2010 study where two targets were presented in random order so it could take time before revisiting the same target. This allowed us to estimate the decay rate of adaptation for patients vs. controls. 14/n

Second, we analyzed trial-to-trial differences within block – i.e. independently of the effect of breaks. Our hypothesis predicts that adaptation in patients would decay more steeply with time compared to controls. 13/n.

This suggests that the cerebellum is crucial for longer-term but not short-term sensorimotor memories. 12/n.

We found that patients had dramatically reduced TP adaptation, despite spared and even increased TV adaptation. Testing the specificity of impairment (by comparing the TP-TV difference), we found significantly greater impairment for TP compared to TV memory. 11/n

And, by comparing adaptation on these post-break trials (temporally-persistent, TP) against the average adaptation on the rest of the trials (overall) we could estimate temporally-volatile (TV) adaptation. 10/n.

To test this idea we did two separate analyses. First, we used rest breaks to isolate temporally-persistent adaptation. These rest breaks (25s-300s) were so long that most of temporally-volatile adaptation would decay, effectively isolating temporally-persistent adaptation. 9/n

Our hypothesis that the cerebellum is involved in long-term but not short-term sensorimotor memory thus predicts that patients with cerebellar damage would have impaired temporally-persistent adaptation but intact (or even elevated) temporally-volatile adaptation. 8/n.

We and others previously found that motor adaptation decays rapidly with time (tau of 15-25s). But only a part of adaptation is temporally-volatile: the remaining temporally-persistent adaptation leads to retention 24h later, acting as a gateway to long-term memory. 7/n

But, luckily, these studies contained data for which the temporal spacing between individual trials varied widely. This allowed us to dissect motor adaptation into short-term temporally-volatile and longer-term temporally-persistent components. How? 6/n.