﴿ وَقَالُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا الْحَزَنَ ۖ إِنَّ رَبَّنَا لَغَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ﴾. رحمة الله علي الحصري

Clopidogrel vs Ticagrelor

TEER is reserved for symptomatic patients who are poor surgical candidates. In asymptomatic patients, the focus is on timely surgery in selected cases or follow-up, not transcatheter intervention.

Summary Points: Severe Chronic Primary Mitral Regurgitation management . ESC guidelines . 1) Divide patients into symptomatic and asymptomatic. 》Symptomatic patients:.▪︎ Low surgical risk → Surgery (repair preferred). ▪︎ High surgical risk:.If suitable anatomy → TEER +

Primary vs Secondary Mitral Regurgitation

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RT @Ahmedata7777: Severe Aortic Stenosis Management

Severe Aortic Stenosis Management

RT @Ahmedata7777: Summary Words: Low-Flow, Low-Gradient AS. Low Flow = Low stroke volume (SVI < 35 mL/m²). Low Gradient = Mean pressure gra….

Summary Words: Low-Flow, Low-Gradient AS. Low Flow = Low stroke volume (SVI < 35 mL/m²). Low Gradient = Mean pressure gradient < 40 mmHg. Valve area still ≤ 1.0 cm² → severe AS. Occurs with:. Reduced EF (classical type). Preserved EF (paradoxical type). Flow is too low to.

RT @Ahmedata7777: Gradient depends on flow — if less blood is pushed through the valve, the pressure buildup across it is also lower.

Gradient depends on flow — if less blood is pushed through the valve, the pressure buildup across it is also lower.

RT @Ahmedata7777: Assess Flow Status (Stroke Volume Index – SVi). Calculate SVi = Stroke volume / body surface area. Normal flow: SVi > 35….

RT @Ahmedata7777: Gradient comes first. Then check flow status to interpret the gradient accurately.

Assess Flow Status (Stroke Volume Index – SVi). Calculate SVi = Stroke volume / body surface area. Normal flow: SVi > 35 mL/m². Low flow: SVi ≤ 35 mL/m². How to calculate stroke volume by ECHO? 😎🤓.

Gradient comes first. Then check flow status to interpret the gradient accurately.

How to assess aortic stenosis . ESC guidelines . 1. Check gradient: High or Low gradient AS.2. Check Flow Status . In low flow low gradient severe AS>> Check LVEF .IF impaired >>> DSE.If Preserved >>> CCT. CCT also if no Flow reserve after DSE

RT @Ahmedata7777: Risk markers( adverse prognosis). 1. Very severe AS (Vmax ≥ 5 m/s, gradient ≥ 60 mmHg). 2. Rapid progression (ΔVmax ≥ 0.3….

Risk markers( adverse prognosis). 1. Very severe AS (Vmax ≥ 5 m/s, gradient ≥ 60 mmHg). 2. Rapid progression (ΔVmax ≥ 0.3 m/s/year). 3. High BNP/NT-proBNP (>3× normal). 4. Impaired strain (GLS). 5. Severe valve calcification. 6. Pulmonary hypertension (PASP > 60 mmHg).

RT @Ahmedata7777: Summary Steps – Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis. 1. Check LVEF. < 50% → Consider valve intervention. ≥ 50% → Go to st….

Summary Steps – Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis. 1. Check LVEF. < 50% → Consider valve intervention. ≥ 50% → Go to step 2. 2. Do Exercise Test (if patient is fit). Positive (symptoms, BP drop, arrhythmia) → Treat as symptomatic → Consider intervention. Negative → Go to.